Does Same Sex Relationship Necessitate the Prohibition of Musaharat?

2nd June 2022

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Question: My sister-in-law lives with us but had physical relationship with my mother. Are my brother and his wife still married? And are my mum and dad still married too?

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุญุงู…ุฏุงู‹ ูˆ ู…ุตู„ูŠุงู‹

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your case scenario, despite the severity of the sin, the laws of musaharat would not apply. In other words, her husband would not become unlawful upon his wife and neither would this invalidate your parentโ€™s marriage. The laws of musaharat in an unlawful relationship whereby the ascendants and descendants of each of the perpetrators become permanently unlawful for marriage apply when a man and a woman engage in either a sexual act, touch each other with lust or look inside each otherโ€™s private area with lust. Sexual act of both man and a woman is deemed as complete fulfilment of the shahwat whilst touching and seeing inside the private organ are precursors to the fulfilment of the shahwat.[1] Contrarily, two people of the same gender engaging in sexual act for self-gratification is deemed unnatural Islamically and has no implication on the rulings of musaharat despite the severity of the crime. This is also the same case with other cases, for instance, the jurists state that if a man fornicates with a woman through her anal passage instead of the vaginal passage, then this does not necessitate the prohibition of musaharat despite it being a sinful act.[2] This is because of the act being unnatural so similarly, same sex relationship that is unnatural would also not necessitate the prohibition of musaharat.

As an advice, both your mother and sister in-law must repent sincerely to Allฤh from this shameful act and adopt all of the necessary safeguarding measures to ensure this act is not repeated.

 

[Allรฃh Knows Best]

 

 

Written and researched by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

[1] Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤb Nikฤh, vol 3 p. 32

 

[ููŽุตู’ู„ูŒ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุญูŽุฑู‘ูŽู…ูŽุงุชู]

(ุฃูŽุตู’ู„ู ู…ูŽุฒู’ู†ููŠู‘ูŽุชูู‡ู) ุฃูŽุฑูŽุงุฏูŽ ุจูุงู„ุฒู‘ูู†ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฑูŽุงู…ู (ูˆูŽ) ุฃูŽุตู’ู„ู (ู…ูŽู…ู’ุณููˆุณูŽุชูู‡ู ุจูุดูŽู‡ู’ูˆูŽุฉู) ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ู„ูุดูŽุนู’ุฑู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฃู’ุณู ุจูุญูŽุงุฆูู„ู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽู…ู’ู†ูŽุนู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฑูŽุงุฑูŽุฉูŽ (ูˆูŽุฃูŽุตู’ู„ู ู…ูŽุงุณู‘ูŽุชูู‡ู ูˆูŽู†ูŽุงุธูุฑูŽุฉู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑูู‡ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ู’ุธููˆุฑู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ููŽุฑู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุง) ุงู„ู’ู…ูุฏูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฑู (ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽุงุฎูู„ู) ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ู†ูŽุธูŽุฑูŽู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุฒูุฌูŽุงุฌู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู…ูŽุงุกู ู‡ููŠูŽ ูููŠู‡ู (ูˆูŽููุฑููˆุนูู‡ูู†ู‘ูŽ) ู…ูุทู’ู„ูŽู‚ู‹ุง ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุนูุจู’ุฑูŽุฉู ู„ูู„ุดู‘ูŽู‡ู’ูˆูŽุฉู ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุณู‘ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุธูŽุฑู ู„ูŽุง ุจูŽุนู’ุฏูŽู‡ูู…ูŽุง ูˆูŽุญูŽุฏู‘ูู‡ูŽุง ูููŠู‡ูู…ูŽุง ุชูŽุญูŽุฑู‘ููƒู ุขู„ูŽุชูู‡ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฒููŠูŽุงุฏูŽุชูู‡ู ุจูู‡ู ูŠููู’ุชูŽู‰

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ูˆูŽุญูŽุฑูู…ูŽ ุฃูŽูŠู’ุถู‹ุง ุจูุงู„ุตู‘ูู‡ู’ุฑููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุตู’ู„ู ู…ูŽุฒู’ู†ููŠู‘ูŽุชูู‡ู) ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุญู’ุฑู: ุฃูŽุฑูŽุงุฏูŽ ุจูุญูุฑู’ู…ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุตูŽุงู‡ูŽุฑูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ุญูุฑูู…ูŽุงุชู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนูŽ ุญูุฑู’ู…ูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุฃูุตููˆู„ู ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ูˆูŽููุฑููˆุนูู‡ู ู†ูŽุณูŽุจู‹ุง ูˆูŽุฑูŽุถูŽุงุนู‹ุง ูˆูŽุญูุฑู’ู…ูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูุตููˆู„ูู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽููุฑููˆุนูู‡ูŽุง ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ู†ูŽุณูŽุจู‹ุง ูˆูŽุฑูŽุถูŽุงุนู‹ุง ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู„ูŽุงู„ู ูˆูŽูŠูŽุญูู„ู‘ู ู„ูุฃูุตููˆู„ู ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ูˆูŽููุฑููˆุนูู‡ู ุฃูุตููˆู„ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุฒูŽู†ููŠู‘ ุจูู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽููุฑููˆุนูู‡ูŽุง.

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ุฃูŽุฑูŽุงุฏูŽ ุจูุงู„ุฒู‘ูู†ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฑูŽุงู…ูŽ) ุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูู†ูŽู‰ ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ู…ููƒูŽู„ู‘ูŽูู ูููŠ ููŽุฑู’ุฌู ู…ูุดู’ุชูŽู‡ูŽุงุฉู ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ู…ูŽุงุถููŠู‹ุง ุฎูŽุงู„ู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูู„ู’ูƒู ูˆูŽุดูุจู’ู‡ูŽุชูู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ุชูŽุซู’ุจูุชู ุญูุฑู’ู…ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุตูŽุงู‡ูŽุฑูŽุฉู ู„ูŽูˆู’ ูˆูŽุทูุฆูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ู’ูƒููˆุญูŽุฉูŽ ููŽุงุณูุฏู‹ุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุดู’ุชูŽุฑูŽุงุฉูŽ ููŽุงุณูุฏู‹ุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽุงุฑููŠูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุดู’ุชูŽุฑูŽูƒูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ููƒูŽุงุชูŽุจูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุธูŽุงู‡ูŽุฑูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูŽุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู…ูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฌููˆุณููŠู‘ูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุชูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงุฆูุถูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูููŽุณูŽุงุกูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ู…ูุญู’ุฑูู…ู‹ุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุตูŽุงุฆูู…ู‹ุงุŒ

 

Ibn Nujaym, Bahr Rฤiq, Kitฤb Nikฤh, vol 3 p. 105

(ููŽุตู’ู„ูŒ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุญูŽุฑู‘ูŽู…ูŽุงุชู)

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู ูˆูŽุงู„ุฒู‘ูู†ูŽุง ูˆูŽุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู…ู’ุณู ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุธูŽุฑู ุจูุดูŽู‡ู’ูˆูŽุฉู ูŠููˆุฌูุจู ุญูุฑู’ู…ูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุตูŽุงู‡ูŽุฑูŽุฉู) ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽุงููุนููŠู‘ู ุงู„ุฒู‘ูู†ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ูŠููˆุฌูุจู ุญูุฑู’ู…ูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุตูŽุงู‡ูŽุฑูŽุฉูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู†ูุนู’ู…ูŽุฉูŒ ููŽู„ูŽุง ุชูู†ูŽุงู„ู ุจูุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุญู’ุธููˆุฑูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽู†ูŽุง: ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกูŽ ุณูŽุจูŽุจู ุงู„ู’ุฌูุฒู’ุฆููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ุจููˆูŽุงุณูุทูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏู ุญูŽุชู‘ูŽู‰ ูŠูุถูŽุงููŽ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ูƒูู„ู‘ู ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูู…ูŽุง ูƒูŽู…ูู„ู‹ุง ููŽูŠูŽุตููŠุฑู ุฃูุตููˆู„ูู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽููุฑููˆุนูู‡ูŽุง ูƒูŽุฃูุตููˆู„ูู‡ู ูˆูŽููุฑููˆุนูู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุนูŽูƒู’ุณู ูˆูŽุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูู…ู’ุชูŽุงุนู ุจูุงู„ู’ุฌูุฒู’ุกู ุญูŽุฑูŽุงู…ูŒ ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุง ูููŠ ู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนู ุงู„ุถู‘ูŽุฑููˆุฑูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู‡ููŠูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูˆู’ุทููˆุกูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ู…ูุญูŽุฑู‘ูŽู…ูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ ุญูŽูŠู’ุซู ุฅู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุณูŽุจูŽุจู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏู ู„ูŽุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุญูŽูŠู’ุซู ุฅู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุฒูู†ู‹ุง ูˆูŽุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู…ู’ุณู ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุธูŽุฑู ุณูŽุจูŽุจูŒ ุฏูŽุงุนู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ููŽูŠูู‚ูŽุงู…ู ู…ูŽู‚ูŽุงู…ูŽู‡ู ูููŠ ู…ูŽูˆู’ุถูุนู ุงู„ูุงุญู’ุชููŠูŽุงุทู ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู‡ูุฏูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุณู’ุชูŽุฏูู„ู‘ูŽ ุจูู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู ุชูŽุนูŽุงู„ูŽู‰ {ูˆูŽู„ุง ุชูŽู†ู’ูƒูุญููˆุง ู…ูŽุง ู†ูŽูƒูŽุญูŽ ุขุจูŽุงุคููƒูู…ู’} [ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก: 22] ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ููŽุนูŽู„ูŽ ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽุงุฑูุญููˆู†ูŽ ู„ูู…ูŽุง ู‚ูŽุฏู‘ูŽู…ู’ู†ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุตู’ู„ูุญู ุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุฏู’ู„ูŽุงู„ ุจูู‡ูุŒ ุฃูŽุฑูŽุงุฏูŽ ุจูุงู„ุฒู‘ูู†ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฑูŽุงู…ูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ู‚ูŽูŠู‘ูŽุฏูŽ ุจูู‡ูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู…ูŽุญูŽู„ู‘ู ุงู„ู’ุฎูู„ูŽุงููุŒ ุฃูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ู„ูŽูˆู’ ูˆูŽุทูุฆูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ู’ูƒููˆุญูŽุฉูŽ ู†ููƒูŽุงุญู‹ุง ููŽุงุณูุฏู‹ุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุดู’ุชูŽุฑูŽุงุฉูŽ ููŽุงุณูุฏู‹ุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽุงุฑููŠูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุดู’ุชูŽุฑูŽูƒูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ููƒูŽุงุชูŽุจูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุธูŽุงู‡ูŽุฑูŽุฉูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูŽุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู…ูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฌููˆุณููŠู‘ูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุชูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงุฆูุถูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูููŽุณูŽุงุกูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ู…ูุญู’ุฑูู…ู‹ุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุตูŽุงุฆูู…ู‹ุง ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูŠูŽุซู’ุจูุชู ุญูุฑู’ู…ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุตูŽุงู‡ูŽุฑูŽุฉู ุงุชู‘ูููŽุงู‚ู‹ุง ูˆูŽุจูู‡ู ุนูู„ูู…ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ูุงุนู’ุชูุจูŽุงุฑูŽ ู„ูุนูŽูŠู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ู„ูŽุง ู„ููƒูŽูˆู’ู†ูู‡ู ุญูŽู„ูŽุงู„ู‹ุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุญูŽุฑูŽุงู…ู‹ุง ูˆูŽู„ููŠููููŠุฏูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ุจูุฏู‘ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูŽูƒููˆู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ุญูŽูŠู‘ูŽุฉู‹ุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽูˆู’ ูˆูŽุทูุฆูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูŠู‘ูุชูŽุฉูŽ ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ุชูŽุซู’ุจูุชู ุญูุฑู’ู…ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุตูŽุงู‡ูŽุฑูŽุฉู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงู†ููŠู‘ูŽุฉู

 

[2] Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤb Nikฤh, vol 3 p. 32

[ููŽุตู’ู„ูŒ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุญูŽุฑู‘ูŽู…ูŽุงุชู]

ูˆูŽู„ููŠููููŠุฏูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽุงุŒ ุชูŽุซู’ุจูุชู ุจูุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ุจูุงู„ุฏู‘ูุจูุฑู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฃู’ุชููŠ ุฎูู„ูŽุงูู‹ุง ู„ูู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู’ุฒูŽุงุนููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏูŽ. ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ููŽุชู’ุญู: ูˆูŽุจูู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู†ูŽุง ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ู…ูŽุงู„ููƒูŒ ูููŠ ุฑููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุฃูŽุญู’ู…ูŽุฏูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ู ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽ ูˆูŽุงุจู’ู†ู ู…ูŽุณู’ุนููˆุฏู ูˆูŽุงุจู’ู†ู ุนูŽุจู‘ูŽุงุณู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุตูŽุญู‘ู ูˆูŽุนูู…ู’ุฑูŽุงู†ู ุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุญูุตูŽูŠู’ู†ู ูˆูŽุฌูŽุงุจูุฑู ูˆูŽุฃูุจูŽูŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุนูŽุงุฆูุดูŽุฉูŽ ูˆูŽุฌูู…ู’ู‡ููˆุฑู ุงู„ุชู‘ูŽุงุจูุนููŠู†ูŽ ูƒูŽุงู„ู’ุจูŽุตู’ุฑููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุงู„ุดู‘ูŽุนู’ุจููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฎูŽุนููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู’ุฒูŽุงุนููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุทูŽุงูˆูุณู ูˆูŽู…ูุฌูŽุงู‡ูุฏู ูˆูŽุนูŽุทูŽุงุกู ูˆูŽุงุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุณูŽูŠู‘ูุจู ูˆูŽุณูู„ูŽูŠู’ู…ูŽุงู†ูŽ ุจู’ู†ู ูŠูŽุณูŽุงุฑู ูˆูŽุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุงุฏู ูˆูŽุงู„ุซู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฑููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุงุจู’ู†ู ุฑูŽุงู‡ู’ูˆูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุชูŽู…ูŽุงู…ูู‡ู ู…ูŽุนูŽ ุจูŽุณู’ุทู ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽู„ููŠู„ู ูููŠู‡ู.

Ibn Nujaym, Bahr Rฤiq, Kitฤb Nikฤh, vol 3 p. 105

(ููŽุตู’ู„ูŒ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุญูŽุฑู‘ูŽู…ูŽุงุชู)

ูˆูŽู„ููŠููููŠุฏูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ุจูุฏู‘ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูุจูู„ูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽูˆู’ ูˆูŽุทูุฆูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูุจูุฑู ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุซู’ุจูุชู ุญูุฑู’ู…ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุตูŽุงู‡ูŽุฑูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุตูŽุญู‘ูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽ ุจูู…ูŽุญูŽู„ู‘ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฑู’ุซู ููŽู„ูŽุง ูŠููู’ุถููŠ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ุฐู‘ูŽุฎููŠุฑูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุณูŽูˆูŽุงุกูŒ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุจูุตูŽุจููŠู‘ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุฉู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุบูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽูŠูŽุงู†ู ูˆูŽุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ููŽุชู’ูˆูŽู‰ ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุงู‚ูุนูŽุงุชู ูˆูŽู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽูˆู’ ูˆูŽุทูุฆูŽู‡ูŽุง ููŽุฃูŽูู’ุถูŽุงู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ุชูŽุญู’ุฑูู…ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุฃูู…ู‘ูู‡ูŽุง ู„ูุนูŽุฏูŽู…ู ุชูŽูŠูŽู‚ู‘ูู†ู ูƒูŽูˆู’ู†ูู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ููŽุฑู’ุฌู ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ุญูŽุจูู„ูŽุชู’.

Deceased Leaving Behind a Wife, 4 Sons, 2 Daughters & Siblings

ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  20th May 2022

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Question: Kindly provide us with the Islamic guidelines to the following scenario. Person passed away leaving behind his Wife and 4 sons and 2 daughters and one brother and one sister. He doesnโ€™t have parents as both passed away before him. Who gets what share?

 

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer: Thank for your question. In reference to your case scenario, firstly the deceasedโ€™s wealth will be used towards the burial costs of the deceased, thereafter any bequests made shall be fulfilled from 1/3 of the remaining wealth. Whatever remains thereafter shall be then distributed amongst their legal heirs in the following manner. The entire estate shall be divided into 80 equal parts. The wife shall be given one-tenth (1/8th) of the share and the residue 70 parts will be divided by 10 shares; each son inheriting double the share of a daughter and each daughter receiving a single share. In other words, each son receiving 14 shares from 70 and each daughter receiving 7 shares. ย This will be then used to calculate the total share from the value of the estate. Due to the existing sons, the brother and sister shall not receive any share.

 

[Allฤh Knows Best]

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ย 

Written by:ย  Mufti Anas Mullahย ย ย ย  ย ย ย Reviewed by:ย Muftiย Abdulย Waheed

Attested by:ย Shaykhย Muftiย Saifulย Islam

ย 

JKN Fatawa Departmentย 

 

Semen Exiting After Urinating

16th May 2022

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ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ ุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡

Question: I have a question do you need to repeat the ghusl if residue of the actual semen comes out after urinating and not before?

 

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Answer: Thank for your query. In reference to your query, when a person becomes impure, he should thoroughly clean his private parts to ensure that any residue semen exits the body before commencing. In your case where semen has come out after urinating, then if ghusl has already been performed then repeating it would not be necessary.[1] Any Salah performed with wudhu in the interim of performing ghusl and using the bathroom, will not need to be repeated. Moreover, if you had used the bathroom, slept or walked for a short while before performing ghusl then repeating the ghusl will not be necessary.

 

[Allฤh Knows Best]

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ย 

Written by:ย  Mufti Anas Mullahย ย ย ย ย ย ย  Reviewed by:ย Muftiย Abdulย Waheed

Attested by:ย Shaykhย Muftiย Saifulย Islam

ย JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

[1] Fatawa Hindiyyah, Kitabut Taharah, vol 1, p

ุงุบุชุณู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุจุฉ ู‚ุจู„ ุฃู† ูŠุจูˆู„ ุฃูˆ ูŠู†ุงู… ูˆุตู„ู‰ ุซู… ุฎุฑุฌ ุจู‚ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ูŠ ูุนู„ูŠู‡ ุฃู† ูŠุบุชุณู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…ุง ุฎู„ุงูุง ู„ุฃุจูŠ ูŠูˆุณู – ุฑุญู…ู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุชุนุงู„ู‰ – ูˆู„ูƒู† ู„ุง ูŠุนูŠุฏ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุตู„ุงุฉ ููŠ ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ู… ุฌู…ูŠุนุง. ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฐุฎูŠุฑุฉ ูˆู„ูˆ ุฎุฑุฌ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุจุงู„ ุฃูˆ ู†ุงู… ุฃูˆ ู…ุดู‰ ู„ุง ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุบุณู„ ุงุชูุงู‚ุง. ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชุจูŠูŠู†

 

Divorce in Menses

Divorce in Menses

16th May 2022

ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  ย  ย 

ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ ุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡

Question: I query regarding talak whilst my wife was on her menses. From what I have read that the divorce doesnโ€™t count as she has to be in a state of purity for the talak to count. What is the view of the Hanafi school of thought regarding this matter?

 

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer: Thank for your query. In reference to your query, a divorce issued whilst the wife is in her menses is valid and effective.[1] However, this is not the correct method of divorcing oneโ€™s wife and also a sin.[2] The jurists advise that if the husband issued a revocable divorce (1 r 2 divorces) then to take her back into marriage until her period finishes and then issue a new divorce if he wishes to divorce her again. This was the same advice that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wasallam gave to Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Umar radhiyallahu anhu who divorced his wife once in her menses and instructed her to retract from the divorce and then issue another divorce in her purity if he so wishes.[3]

 

 

[Allฤh Knows Best]

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ย 

ย 

Written by:ย  Mufti Anas Mullahย ย ย ย  ย ย ย Reviewed by:ย Muftiย Abdulย Waheed

Attested by:ย Shaykhย Muftiย Saifulย Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

[1] Raddul Muhtar, kitabul talaaq, vol 3, p233/234

ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูˆุชุฌุจ ุฑุฌุนุชู‡ุง) ุฃูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุทูˆุกุฉ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญูŠุถ (ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุตุญ) ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ู‡ ู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูˆุฑูŠ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ุณุชุญุจุฉ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุนุตูŠุฉ ูˆู‚ุนุช ูุชุนุฐุฑ ุงุฑุชูุงุนู‡ุงุŒ ูˆูˆุฌู‡ ุงู„ุฃุตุญ ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ – ุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุณู„ู… – ู„ุนู…ุฑ ููŠ ุญุฏูŠุซ ุงุจู† ุนู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญูŠู† ยซู…ุฑ ุงุจู†ูƒ ูู„ูŠุฑุงุฌุนู‡ุงยป ุญูŠู† ุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุญูŠุถุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุดุชู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฌูˆุจูŠู†: ุตุฑูŠุญ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุฌูˆุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู…ุฑ ุฃู† ูŠุฃู…ุฑ ูˆุถู…ู†ูŠ ูˆู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงุจู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏ ุชูˆุฌูŠู‡ ุงู„ุตูŠุบุฉ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ ูุฅู† ุนู…ุฑ ู†ุงุฆุจ ููŠู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ู†ุจูŠ – ุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุณู„ู… – ูู‡ูˆ ูƒุงู„ู…ุจู„ุบุŒ ูˆุชุนุฐุฑ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ู…ุนุตูŠุฉ ู„ุง ูŠุตู„ุญ ุตุงุฑูุง ู„ู„ุตูŠุบุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ูˆุฌูˆุจ ู„ุฌูˆุงุฒ ุฅูŠุฌุงุจ ุฑูุน ุฃุซุฑู‡ุง ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุฏุฉ ูˆุชุทูˆูŠู„ู‡ุง ุฅุฐ ุจู‚ุงุก ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุจู‚ุงุก ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุฃุซุฑู‡ ู…ู† ูˆุฌู‡ ูู„ุง ุชุชุฑูƒ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ูˆุชู…ุงู…ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ูุชุญ (ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุฑูุนุง ู„ู„ู…ุนุตูŠุฉ) ุจุงู„ุฑุงุกุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ู†ุณุฎุฉ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ ุท ุฃูŠ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฏูุน ุจุงู„ุฏุงู„ ู„ู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠู‚ุน ูˆุงู„ุฑูุน ุจุงู„ุฑุงุก ู„ู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ูˆุงู„ู…ุนุตูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง

ูˆู‚ุนุชุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฏ ุฑูุน ุฃุซุฑู‡ุง ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุฏุฉ ูˆุชุทูˆูŠู„ู‡ุง ูƒู…ุง ุนู„ู…ุช ู„ุฃู† ุฑูุน ุงู„ุทู„ุงู‚ ุจุนุฏ ูˆู‚ูˆุนู‡ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู†.
(ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูุฅุฐุง ุทู‡ุฑุช ุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ุฅู† ุดุงุก) ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุนุจุงุฑุชู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุทู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ููŠ ุญูŠุถู‡ุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุงูู‚ ู„ู…ุง ุฐูƒุฑู‡ ุงู„ุทุญุงูˆูŠุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุฅู…ุงู… ู„ุฃู† ุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ุทู„ุงู‚ ุงู†ุนุฏู… ุจุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฌุนุฉ ููƒุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู… ูŠุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญูŠุถุฉ ููŠุณู† ุชุทู„ูŠู‚ู‡ุง ููŠ ุทู‡ุฑู‡ุง ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฐูƒูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ูƒู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุงููŠ ูˆุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฐู‡ุจุŒ ูˆู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ูƒู„ ูƒู…ุง ููŠ ูุชุญ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠุฑ ุฅู†ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ุฑุงุฌุนู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญูŠุถ ุฃู…ุณูƒ ุนู† ุทู„ุงู‚ู‡ุง ุญุชู‰ ุชุทู‡ุฑ ุซู… ุชุญูŠุถ ุซู… ุชุทู‡ุฑ ููŠุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ. ูˆู„ุง ูŠุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุทู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ููŠ ุญูŠุถู‡ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุฏุนูŠุŒ ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ูˆุงู„ู…ู†ุญุŒ ูˆุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุตู†ู ุชุญุชู…ู„ู‡. ุงู‡ู€. ุญ. ูˆูŠุฏู„ ู„ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ุญุฏูŠุซ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญูŠู† ยซู…ุฑ ุงุจู†ูƒ ูู„ูŠุฑุงุฌุนู‡ุง ุซู… ู„ูŠู…ุณูƒู‡ุง ุญุชู‰ ุชุทู‡ุฑ ุซู… ุชุญูŠุถ ูุชุทู‡ุฑุŒ ูุฅู† ุจุฏุง ู„ู‡ ุฃู† ูŠุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ูู„ูŠุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ู‚ุจู„ ุฃู† ูŠู…ุณู‡ุง ูุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุนุฏุฉ ูƒู…ุง ุฃู…ุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนุฒ ูˆุฌู„ยป ุจุญุฑ. ู‚ุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูุชุญ: ูˆูŠุธู‡ุฑ ู…ู† ู„ูุธ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุชู‚ูŠูŠุฏ ุงู„ุฑุฌุนุฉ ุจุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุญูŠุถ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฃูˆู‚ุน ููŠู‡ุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ู…ู† ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ุฃุตุญุงุจ ุฅุฐุง ุชุคู…ู„.
ูู„ูˆ ู„ู… ูŠูุนู„ ุญุชู‰ ุทู‡ุฑุช ุชู‚ุฑุฑุช ุงู„ู…ุนุตูŠุฉ. ุงู‡ู€. ูˆู‚ุฏ ูŠู‚ุงู„: ู‡ุฐุง ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุญุงูˆูŠุŒ ุฃู…ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฐู‡ุจ ููŠู†ุจุบูŠ ุฃู† ู„ุง ุชู‚ุฑุฑ ุงู„ู…ุนุตูŠุฉ ุญุชู‰ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุงู„ุทู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุจุญุฑ ู‚ู„ุช: ูˆููŠู‡ ู†ุธุฑุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ ุญูŠุซ ูƒุงู† ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ู…ู† ุญุฏูŠุซ ูˆูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ุฃุตุญุงุจ ูŠุญู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ุฐู‡ุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุŒ ูุชุฃู…ู„ (ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู‚ูŠุฏ ุจุงู„ุทู„ุงู‚) ุฃูŠ ููŠ ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุญูŠุถ ู…ูˆุทูˆุกุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฏ ุฃูŠุถุง ุจุงู„ุทู„ุงู‚ ุงู„ุฑุฌุนูŠ ุงุญุชุฑุงุฒ ุนู† ุงู„ุจุงุฆู† ูุฅู†ู‡ ุจุฏุนูŠ ููŠ ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงูŠุฉ ูˆุฅู† ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ุทู‡ุฑ ูƒู…ุง ู…ุฑ

[2] ย Kitab ut Talaq, Fatawa Hindiyyah, vol 1, p349

ูˆุงู„ุจุฏุนูŠ) ู…ู† ุญูŠุซ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุฃู† ูŠุทู„ู‚ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฎูˆู„ ุจู‡ุง ูˆู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุฐูˆุงุช ุงู„ุฃู‚ุฑุงุก ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุญูŠุถ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุทู‡ุฑ ุฌุงู…ุนู‡ุง ููŠู‡ ูˆูƒุงู† ุงู„ุทู„ุงู‚ ูˆุงู‚ุนุง ูˆูŠุณุชุญุจ ู„ู‡ ุฃู† ูŠุฑุงุฌุนู‡ุง ูˆุงู„ุฃุตุญ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฑุฌุนุฉ ูˆุงุฌุจุฉ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุงููŠ

 

[3] Bukhari, No. 5252

ุจูŽุงุจู ุฅูุฐูŽุง ุทูู„ู‘ูู‚ูŽุชู ุงู„ุญูŽุงุฆูุถู ุชูŽุนู’ุชูŽุฏู‘ู ุจูุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽู„ุงูŽู‚ู

ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ูŽุง ุณูู„ูŽูŠู’ู…ูŽุงู†ู ุจู’ู†ู ุญูŽุฑู’ุจูุŒ ุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ูŽุง ุดูุนู’ุจูŽุฉูุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฃูŽู†ูŽุณู ุจู’ู†ู ุณููŠุฑููŠู†ูŽุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุณูŽู…ูุนู’ุชู ุงุจู’ู†ูŽ ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุทูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‚ูŽ ุงุจู’ู†ู ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽ ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชูŽู‡ู ูˆูŽู‡ููŠูŽ ุญูŽุงุฆูุถูŒุŒ ููŽุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑูŽ ุนูู…ูŽุฑู ู„ูู„ู†ู‘ูŽุจููŠู‘ู ุตูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ู‘ูŽู…ูŽ ููŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ยซู„ููŠูุฑูŽุงุฌูุนู’ู‡ูŽุงยป ู‚ูู„ู’ุชู: ุชูุญู’ุชูŽุณูŽุจูุŸ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ููŽู…ูŽู‡ู’ุŸ ูˆูŽุนูŽู†ู’ ู‚ูŽุชูŽุงุฏูŽุฉูŽุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ูŠููˆู†ูุณูŽ ุจู’ู†ู ุฌูุจูŽูŠู’ุฑูุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงุจู’ู†ู ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽุŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ยซู…ูุฑู’ู‡ู ููŽู„ู’ูŠูุฑูŽุงุฌูุนู’ู‡ูŽุงยป ู‚ูู„ู’ุชู: ุชูุญู’ุชูŽุณูŽุจูุŸ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฃูŽุฑูŽุฃูŽูŠู’ุชูŽ ุฅูู†ู’ ุนูŽุฌูŽุฒูŽ ูˆูŽุงุณู’ุชูŽุญู’ู…ูŽู‚ูŽุŒ

Deceasedโ€™s Estate Distributed after Many Years

11th May 2022

ย 

Question: My Father passed away in 2007 leaving a property in which all us siblings are living in. He left behind wife, 3 sons and 2 daughters. The property value at the time of his death was ยฃ200,000. At the time due to family circumstances, we were unable to distribute the shares from his property. This year, we have now decided to sell the property and distribute the value between us according to the Islamic shares. As we are already familiar with the Islamic shares, my question is should the shares be calculated according to the current market value i.e. ยฃ400,000 or from ยฃ200,000?

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ย 

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุญุงู…ุฏุงู‹ ูˆ ู…ุตู„ูŠุงู‹

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your case scenario, the property in question must be distributed in accordance to the current market value i.e. ยฃ400,000 between the beneficiaries according to their Islamic shares. In principle, all of the beneficiaries are eligible to the usufruct of the estate left by your father. This means that whatever additional gain accrues on the property then they will receive that also. In this case, when the property share has not been distributed and its market value has increased to ยฃ400,000, their Islamic shares will now be calculated according to this value..[1]

 

 

ย [Allรฃh Knows Best]

 

 

Written and researched by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

[1] Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤbul Sharikah, vol 4 p. 325

[ููŽุตู’ู„ูŒ ูููŠ ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽุฑููƒูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ููŽุงุณูุฏูŽุฉู]

ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ู„ูŽูˆู’ ุงุฌู’ุชูŽู…ูŽุนูŽ ุฅุฎู’ูˆูŽุฉูŒ ูŠูŽุนู’ู…ูŽู„ููˆู†ูŽ ูููŠ ุชูŽุฑููƒูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุจููŠู‡ูู…ู’ ูˆูŽู†ูŽู…ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุงู„ู ููŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูู…ู’ ุณูŽูˆููŠู‘ูŽุฉู‹ุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ุงุฎู’ุชูŽู„ูŽูููˆุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุนูŽู…ูŽู„ู ูˆูŽุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฃู’ูŠู

 

Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤbul Sharikah, vol 4 p. 307

[ุชูŽู†ู’ุจููŠู‡ูŒ] ูŠูŽู‚ูŽุนู ูƒูŽุซููŠุฑู‹ุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ููŽู„ู‘ูŽุงุญููŠู†ูŽ ูˆูŽู†ูŽุญู’ูˆูู‡ูู…ู’ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุฃูŽุญูŽุฏูŽู‡ูู…ู’ ูŠูŽู…ููˆุชู ููŽุชูŽู‚ููˆู…ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽุงุฏูู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุชูŽุฑููƒูŽุชูู‡ู ุจูู„ูŽุง ู‚ูุณู’ู…ูŽุฉู ูˆูŽูŠูŽุนู’ู…ูŽู„ููˆู†ูŽ ูููŠู‡ูŽุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุญูŽุฑู’ุซู ูˆูŽุฒูุฑูŽุงุนูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุจูŽูŠู’ุนู ูˆูŽุดูุฑูŽุงุกู ูˆูŽุงุณู’ุชูุฏูŽุงู†ูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู†ูŽุญู’ูˆู ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุชูŽุงุฑูŽุฉู‹ ูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ูƒูŽุจููŠุฑูู‡ูู…ู’ ู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ู‘ูŽุฐููŠ ูŠูŽุชูŽูˆูŽู„ู‘ูŽู‰ ู…ูู‡ูู…ู‘ูŽุงุชูู‡ูู…ู’ ูˆูŽูŠูŽุนู’ู…ูŽู„ููˆู†ูŽ ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽู‡ู ุจูุฃูŽู…ู’ุฑูู‡ู ูˆูŽูƒูู„ู‘ู ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ูˆูŽุฌู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฅูุทู’ู„ูŽุงู‚ู ูˆูŽุงู„ุชู‘ูŽูู’ูˆููŠุถูุŒ ู„ูŽูƒูู†ู’ ุจูู„ูŽุง ุชูŽุตู’ุฑููŠุญู ุจูู„ูŽูู’ุธู ุงู„ู’ู…ูููŽุงูˆูŽุถูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ุจูŽูŠูŽุงู†ู ุฌูŽู…ููŠุนู ู…ูู‚ู’ุชูŽุถูŽูŠูŽุงุชูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูŽุนูŽ ูƒูŽูˆู’ู†ู ุงู„ุชู‘ูŽุฑููƒูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุบู’ู„ูŽุจูู‡ูŽุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูƒูู„ู‘ูู‡ูŽุง ุนูุฑููˆุถูŒ ู„ูŽุง ุชูŽุตูุญู‘ู ูููŠู‡ูŽุง ุดูŽุฑููƒูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ุนูŽู‚ู’ุฏูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ุดูŽูƒู‘ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู‡ูŽุฐูู‡ู ู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽุชู’ ุดูŽุฑููƒูŽุฉูŽ ู…ูููŽุงูˆูŽุถูŽุฉูุŒ ุฎูู„ูŽุงูู‹ุง ู„ูู…ูŽุง ุฃูŽูู’ุชูŽู‰ ุจูู‡ู ูููŠ ุฒูŽู…ูŽุงู†ูู†ูŽุง ู…ูŽู†ู’ ู„ูŽุง ุฎูุจู’ุฑูŽุฉูŽ ู„ูŽู‡ู ุจูŽู„ู’ ู‡ููŠูŽ ุดูŽุฑููƒูŽุฉู ู…ูู„ู’ูƒู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ุญูŽุฑู‘ูŽุฑู’ุชู‡ ูููŠ ุชูŽู†ู’ู‚ููŠุญู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงู…ูุฏููŠู‘ูŽุฉู. ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฑูŽุฃูŽูŠู’ุช ุงู„ุชู‘ูŽุตู’ุฑููŠุญูŽ ุจูู‡ู ุจูุนูŽูŠู’ู†ูู‡ู ูููŠ ููŽุชูŽุงูˆูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงู†ููˆุชููŠู‘ูุŒ ููŽุฅูุฐูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุณูŽุนู’ูŠูู‡ูู…ู’ ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู‹ุง ูˆูŽู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุชูŽู…ูŽูŠู‘ูŽุฒู’ ู…ูŽุง ุญูŽุตู‘ูŽู„ูŽู‡ู ูƒูู„ู‘ู ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูู…ู’ ุจูุนูŽู…ูŽู„ูู‡ู ูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ู…ูŽุง ุฌูŽู…ูŽุนููˆู‡ู ู…ูุดู’ุชูŽุฑูŽูƒู‹ุง ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูู…ู’ ุจูุงู„ุณู‘ูŽูˆููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ุงุฎู’ุชูŽู„ูŽูููˆุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุนูŽู…ูŽู„ู ูˆูŽุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฃู’ูŠู ูƒูŽุซู’ุฑูŽุฉู‹ ูˆูŽุตูŽูˆูŽุงุจู‹ุง ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ุฃูŽูู’ุชูŽู‰ ุจูู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽูŠู’ุฑููŠู‘ูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ุงุดู’ุชูŽุฑูŽุงู‡ู ุฃูŽุญูŽุฏูู‡ูู…ู’ ู„ูู†ูŽูู’ุณูู‡ู ูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ู„ูŽู‡ู ูˆูŽูŠูŽุถู’ู…ูŽู†ู ุญูุตู‘ูŽุฉูŽ ุดูุฑูŽูƒูŽุงุฆูู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุซูŽู…ูŽู†ูู‡ู ุฅุฐูŽุง ุฏูŽููŽุนูŽู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุงู„ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุดู’ุชูŽุฑูŽูƒูุŒ ูˆูŽูƒูู„ู‘ู ู…ูŽุง ุงุณู’ุชูŽุฏูŽุงู†ูŽู‡ู ุฃูŽุญูŽุฏูู‡ูู…ู’ ูŠูุทูŽุงู„ูŽุจู ุจูู‡ู ูˆูŽุญู’ุฏูŽู‡ู.

 

Do Nasal Inhaler and Vicks Cream Break the Fast?

11th March 2022

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Question: ย I have bad hay fever so whilst fasting, I used a Vicks nasal inhaler then I later realised that maybe I shouldn’t use it and stopped immediately.
Can I use the nasal inhaler while fasting or not? The nasal inhaler doesn’t pump any gas but just has like some small piece that has a smell that clears the nose. Also what is the ruling on applying Vicks cream onto the nose or just under the nose whilst fasting?

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ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุญุงู…ุฏุงู‹ ูˆ ู…ุตู„ูŠุงู‹

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your query, the nasal inhaler is used to clear the sinus to give temporary relief for blocked nose caused by hay fever. The inhaler contains discernible particles that may or may not reach to the back of the nose (nasopharynx connected to the throat) ย depending on whether the nasal inhaler is administered correctly or not.[1] If it is more than likely that the discernible particles of the inhaler reach the throat and into the stomach then, the fast will break for which only Qadha is required and not kaffarah (continues fast for 60 days).[2] This is because in principle anything that reaches the stomach irrespective of its quantity and size breaches the essential criterion of fasting. If on the contrary, it is administered in a manner that it remains in the nose and does not reach the throat then the fast does not break because the particles would not have reached the stomach which is essential for the fast to break.[3] It is important to note that something merely reaching the throat is not sufficient for the fast to break. The agent must reach the stomach via these cavities in order for the fast to break.[4] We recommend consulting your GP to verify the likelihood possibility of the particles reaching the throat and the stomach, otherwise we strongly recommend avoid using it altogether whilst fasting. If it is possible to use it outside of the fast times then that would be better.

In regards to applying Vicks cream whilst fasting then that is permissible whether applied onto the nose or near to the nostrils even if its strong smell can be felt in the throat. The strong sense does not contain discernible particles unlike the nasal inhaler hence, it resembles smelling perfumes or antimony that is applied to the eyes and felt in the throat and yet does not legally break the fast. [5]

 

ย [Allรฃh Knows Best]

 

Written and researched by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

[1] NHS, Decongestants, available at Decongestants – NHS (www.nhs.uk) [accessed 9th March 2022]

Smith, Y. How to use the nasal Sprays correctly, available at How to Use Nasal Sprays Correctly (news-medical.net) [accessed 9th March 2022]

Smith, Y. Nasal Sprays for Allergies, available at Nasal Sprays for Allergies (news-medical.net) [accessed 9th March 2022]

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[2] Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤb al-Sawm, vol 2 p. 402

ุจูŽุงุจู ู…ูŽุง ูŠููู’ุณูุฏู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽูˆู’ู…ูŽ ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ูŠููู’ุณูุฏูู‡ู

(ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุญู’ุชูŽู‚ูŽู†ูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุณู’ุชูŽุนูŽุทูŽ) ูููŠ ุฃูŽู†ู’ููู‡ู ุดูŽูŠู’ุฆู‹ุง (ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฃูŽู‚ู’ุทูŽุฑูŽ ูููŠ ุฃูุฐูู†ูู‡ู ุฏูู‡ู’ู†ู‹ุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฏูŽุงูˆูŽู‰ ุฌูŽุงุฆูููŽุฉู‹ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุขู…ู‘ูŽุฉู‹) ููŽูˆูŽุตูŽู„ูŽ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงุกู ุญูŽู‚ููŠู‚ูŽุฉู‹ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุฌูŽูˆู’ููู‡ู ูˆูŽุฏูู…ูŽุงุบูู‡ู.

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุญู’ุชูŽู‚ูŽู†ูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุณู’ุชูŽุนูŽุทูŽ) ูƒูู„ูŽุงู‡ูู…ูŽุง ุจูุงู„ู’ุจูู†ูŽุงุกู ู„ูู„ู’ููŽุงุนูู„ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุญูŽู‚ูŽู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑููŠุถู ุฏูŽูˆูŽุงุกูŽู‡ู ุจูุงู„ู’ุญูู‚ู’ู†ูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุงุญู’ุชูู‚ูู†ูŽ ุจูุงู„ุถู‘ูŽู…ู‘ู ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ุฌูŽุงุฆูุฒู ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงุจู ุญูู‚ูู†ูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุนููˆู„ูุฌูŽ ุจูุงู„ู’ุญูู‚ู’ู†ูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุงู„ุณู‘ูŽุนููˆุทู ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงุกู ุงู„ู‘ูŽุฐููŠ ุตูุจู‘ูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู†ู’ูู ูˆูŽุฃูŽุณู’ุนูŽุทูŽู‡ู ุฅูŠู‘ูŽุงู‡ู ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูู‚ูŽุงู„ู: ุงูุณู’ุชูุนูุทูŽ ู…ูŽุจู’ู†ููŠู‘ู‹ุง ู„ูู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ุนููˆู„ู ู…ูุนู’ุฑูŽุงุฌูŒุŒ ูˆูŽุนูŽุฏูŽู…ู ูˆูุฌููˆุจู ุงู„ู’ูƒูŽูู‘ูŽุงุฑูŽุฉู ูููŠ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุตูŽุญู‘ูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู…ููˆุฌูุจู ุงู„ู’ุฅููู’ุทูŽุงุฑู ุตููˆุฑูŽุฉู‹ ูˆูŽู…ูŽุนู’ู†ู‹ู‰ ูˆูŽุงู„ุตู‘ููˆุฑูŽุฉู ุงู„ูุงุจู’ุชูู„ูŽุงุนู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ูƒูŽุงูููŠ ูˆูŽู‡ููŠูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ุนูŽุฏูู…ูŽุฉูŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽูู’ุนู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุฌูŽุฑู‘ูŽุฏู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ูŽุง ูŠููˆุฌูุจู ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุถูŽุงุกูŽ ููŽู‚ูŽุทู’ ุฅู…ู’ุฏูŽุงุฏูŒ

Burhanudeen Mahmud b. Ahmad, Muheet Burhani Kitฤb al-Sawm, vol 2, p. 383

ุงู„ูุตู„ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ููŠู…ุง ูŠูุณุฏ ุงู„ุตูˆู… ูˆู…ุง ู„ุง ูŠูุณุฏ ุตูˆู…ู‡

ูˆุฅุฐุง ุงุณุชุนุทุŒ ุฃูˆ ุฃู‚ุทุฑ ููŠ ุฃุฐู†ู‡ุŒ ุฅู† ูƒุงู† ุดูŠุฆุงู‹ ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจู‡ ุตู„ุงุญ ุงู„ุจุฏู†ุŒ ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ุฏู‡ู† ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆุงุก ูŠูุณุฏ ุตูˆู…ู‡ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ูƒูุงุฑุฉุŒ ูˆุฅู† ูƒุงู† ุดูŠุฆุงู‹ ู„ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจู‡ ุตู„ุงุญ ุงู„ุจุฏู† ูƒุงู„ู…ุงุก ู‚ุงู„ ู…ุดุงูŠุฎู†ุง: ูŠู†ุจุบูŠ ุฃู† ู„ุง ูŠูุณุฏ ุตูˆู…ู‡ุŒ ุฅู„ุง ุฃู† ู…ุญู…ุฏุงู‹ ุฑุญู…ู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‡: ู„ู… ูŠูุตู„ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจู‡ ุตู„ุงุญ ุงู„ุจุฏู†ุŒ ูˆุจูŠู†ู…ุง ู„ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚.

Fatawa Hindiyyah, Kitฤb al-Sawm, vol 1, p. 204

ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽูˆู’ุนู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ู…ูŽุง ูŠููˆุฌูุจู ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุถูŽุงุกูŽ ุฏููˆู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ูƒูŽูู‘ูŽุงุฑูŽุฉู

ูˆูŽู…ูŽู†ู’ ุงุญู’ุชูŽู‚ูŽู†ูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุณู’ุชูŽุนูŽุทูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฃูŽู‚ู’ุทูŽุฑูŽ ูููŠ ุฃูุฐูู†ูู‡ู ุฏูู‡ู’ู†ู‹ุง ุฃูŽูู’ุทูŽุฑูŽุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูƒูŽูู‘ูŽุงุฑูŽุฉูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ู‡ูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู‡ูุฏูŽุงูŠูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ุฏูŽุฎูŽู„ูŽ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูู‡ู’ู†ู ุจูุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ุตูู†ู’ุนูู‡ู ููŽุทู‘ูŽุฑูŽู‡ู ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ู…ูุญููŠุทู ุงู„ุณู‘ูŽุฑูŽุฎู’ุณููŠู‘ู.

 

[3] Mufti Mahmud al Hassan Gangohi, Fatawa Mahmoodiyyah, Ch. What breaks the fast and what does not, vol 10, p.139

 

[4] Kasฤn, Badฤโ€™i Sanฤi, Kitฤb al-Sawm, vol 2 p. 93

[ููŽุตู’ู„ูŒ ุฃูŽุฑู’ูƒูŽุงู† ุงู„ุตู‘ููŠูŽุงู…]

ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ูˆูŽุตูŽู„ูŽ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽูˆู’ูู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูู…ูŽุงุบู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฎูŽุงุฑูู‚ู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุตู’ู„ููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ูƒูŽุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู†ู’ูู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฃูุฐูู†ู ูˆูŽุงู„ุฏู‘ูุจูุฑู ุจูุฃูŽู†ู’ ุงุณู’ุชูŽุนูŽุทูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุญู’ุชูŽู‚ูŽู†ูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฃูŽู‚ู’ุทูŽุฑูŽ ูููŠ ุฃูุฐูู†ูู‡ู ููŽูˆูŽุตูŽู„ูŽ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽูˆู’ูู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูู…ูŽุงุบู ููŽุณูŽุฏูŽ ุตูŽูˆู’ู…ูู‡ูุŒ ุฃูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ูˆูŽุตูŽู„ูŽ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽูˆู’ูู ููŽู„ูŽุง ุดูŽูƒู‘ูŽ ูููŠู‡ู ู„ููˆูุฌููˆุฏู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูƒู’ู„ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุญูŽูŠู’ุซู ุงู„ุตู‘ููˆุฑูŽุฉู.

 

Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤb al-Sawm, vol 2 p. 402

ุจูŽุงุจู ู…ูŽุง ูŠููู’ุณูุฏู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽูˆู’ู…ูŽ ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ูŠููู’ุณูุฏูู‡ู

(ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุญู’ุชูŽู‚ูŽู†ูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุณู’ุชูŽุนูŽุทูŽ) ูููŠ ุฃูŽู†ู’ููู‡ู ุดูŽูŠู’ุฆู‹ุง (ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฃูŽู‚ู’ุทูŽุฑูŽ ูููŠ ุฃูุฐูู†ูู‡ู ุฏูู‡ู’ู†ู‹ุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฏูŽุงูˆูŽู‰ ุฌูŽุงุฆูููŽุฉู‹ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุขู…ู‘ูŽุฉู‹) ููŽูˆูŽุตูŽู„ูŽ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงุกู ุญูŽู‚ููŠู‚ูŽุฉู‹ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุฌูŽูˆู’ููู‡ู ูˆูŽุฏูู…ูŽุงุบูู‡ู.

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ููŽูˆูŽุตูŽู„ูŽ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงุกู ุญูŽู‚ููŠู‚ูŽุฉู‹) ุฃูŽุดูŽุงุฑูŽ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู…ูŽุง ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุนูŽ ูููŠ ุธูŽุงู‡ูุฑู ุงู„ุฑู‘ููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ู…ูู†ู’ ุชูŽู‚ู’ูŠููŠุฏู ุงู„ู’ุฅููู’ุณูŽุงุฏู ุจูุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงุกู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุทู’ุจู ู…ูŽุจู’ู†ููŠู‘ูŒ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุงุฏูŽุฉู ู…ูู†ู’ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูŠูŽุตูู„ู ูˆูŽุฅูู„ู‘ูŽุง ููŽุงู„ู’ู…ูุนู’ุชูŽุจูŽุฑู ุญูŽู‚ููŠู‚ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ูˆูุตููˆู„ูุŒ ุญูŽุชู‘ูŽู‰ ู„ูŽูˆู’ ุนูŽู„ูู…ูŽ ูˆูุตููˆู„ูŽ ุงู„ู’ูŠูŽุงุจูุณู ุฃูŽูู’ุณูŽุฏูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุนูŽุฏูŽู…ูŽ ูˆูุตููˆู„ู ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุฑููŠู‘ู ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠููู’ุณูุฏู’ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุฎูู„ูŽุงูู ุฅุฐูŽุง ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุนู’ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽู‚ููŠู†ู‹ุง ููŽุฃูŽูู’ุณูŽุฏูŽ ุจูุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุฑููŠู‘ู ุญููƒู’ู…ู‹ุง ุจูุงู„ู’ูˆูุตููˆู„ู ู†ูŽุธูŽุฑู‹ุง ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุงุฏูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู†ูŽููŽูŠูŽุงู‡ู ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ุฃูŽููŽุงุฏูŽู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ููŽุชู’ุญู.

ู‚ูู„ู’ุช: ูˆูŽู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูู‚ูŽูŠู‘ูุฏููˆุง ุงู„ูุงุญู’ุชูู‚ูŽุงู†ูŽ ูˆูŽุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุนูŽุงุทูŽ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฅูู‚ู’ุทูŽุงุฑูŽ ุจูุงู„ู’ูˆูุตููˆู„ู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽูˆู’ูู ู„ูุธูู‡ููˆุฑูู‡ู ูููŠู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽุฅูู„ู‘ูŽุง ููŽู„ูŽุง ุจูุฏู‘ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ุญูŽุชู‘ูŽู‰ ู„ูŽูˆู’ ุจูŽู‚ููŠูŽ ุงู„ุณู‘ูŽุนููˆุทู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู†ู’ูู ูˆูŽู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุตูู„ู’ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฃู’ุณู ู„ูŽุง ูŠููู’ุทูุฑูุŒ ูˆูŽูŠูู…ู’ูƒูู†ู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ูŽ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงุกู ุฑูŽุงุฌูุนู‹ุง ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ูƒูู„ู‘ู ุชูŽุฃูŽู…ู‘ูŽู„ู’

ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุฌูŽูˆู’ููู‡ู ูˆูŽุฏูู…ูŽุงุบูู‡ู) ู„ูŽูู‘ูŒ ูˆูŽู†ูŽุดู’ุฑูŒ ู…ูุฑูŽุชู‘ูŽุจูŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุญู’ุฑู: ูˆูŽุงู„ุชู‘ูŽุญู’ู‚ููŠู‚ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฌูŽูˆู’ูู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฃู’ุณู ูˆูŽุฌูŽูˆู’ูู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุนูุฏูŽุฉู ู…ูŽู†ู’ููŽุฐู‹ุง ุฃูŽุตู’ู„ููŠู‘ู‹ุง ููŽู…ูŽุง ูˆูŽุตูŽู„ูŽ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุฌูŽูˆู’ูู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฃู’ุณู ูŠูŽุตูู„ู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุฌูŽูˆู’ูู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุทู’ู†ู. ุงู‡ู€. ุท.

[5] Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤb al-Sawm, vol 2 p. 395

ุจูŽุงุจู ู…ูŽุง ูŠููู’ุณูุฏู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽูˆู’ู…ูŽ ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ูŠููู’ุณูุฏูู‡ู

ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูุชูŽูˆูŽู‡ู‘ูŽู…ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูƒูŽุดูŽู…ู‘ู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุฑู’ุฏู ูˆูŽู…ูŽุงุฆูู‡ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูุณู’ูƒู ู„ููˆูุถููˆุญู ุงู„ู’ููŽุฑู’ู‚ู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ู‡ูŽูˆูŽุงุกู ุชูŽุทูŽูŠู‘ูŽุจูŽ ุจูุฑููŠุญู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุณู’ูƒู ูˆูŽุดูุจู’ู‡ูู‡ู ูˆูŽุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฌูŽูˆู’ู‡ูŽุฑู ุฏูุฎูŽุงู†ู ูˆูŽุตูŽู„ูŽ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุฌูŽูˆู’ููู‡ู ุจูููุนู’ู„ูู‡ู ุฅู…ู’ุฏูŽุงุฏูŒ….

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ูˆูŽุฌูŽุฏูŽ ุทูŽุนู’ู…ูŽู‡ู ูููŠ ุญูŽู„ู’ู‚ูู‡ู) ุฃูŽูŠู’ ุทูŽุนู’ู…ูŽ ุงู„ู’ูƒูุญู’ู„ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูู‡ู’ู†ู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ุณู‘ูุฑูŽุงุฌู ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ู„ูŽูˆู’ ุจูŽุฒูŽู‚ูŽ ููŽูˆูŽุฌูŽุฏูŽ ู„ูŽูˆู’ู†ูŽู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุตูŽุญู‘ู ุจูŽุญู’ุฑูŒ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู’ุฑูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูˆู’ุฌููˆุฏูŽ ูููŠ ุญูŽู„ู’ู‚ูู‡ู ุฃูŽุซูŽุฑูŒ ุฏูŽุงุฎูู„ูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุณูŽุงู…ู‘ู ุงู„ู‘ูŽุฐููŠ ู‡ููˆูŽ ุฎูŽู„ูŽู„ู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุฏูŽู†ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ููู’ุทูุฑู ุฅู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽุงุฎูู„ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ูŽุงููุฐู ู„ูู„ูุงุชู‘ูููŽุงู‚ู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู…ูŽู†ู’ ุงุบู’ุชูŽุณูŽู„ูŽ ูููŠ ู…ูŽุงุกู ููŽูˆูŽุฌูŽุฏูŽ ุจูŽุฑู’ุฏูŽู‡ู ูููŠ ุจูŽุงุทูู†ูู‡ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ูŠููู’ุทูุฑู

Also see Darul-Ifta Darul Uloom Deoband available at Can I use Vicks and Vicks VapoRub in fasting? (darulifta-deoband.com) [accessed 9th March 2022]

 

 

Wife Asking for a Divorce if Her Husband Refuses Intimacy

21st February 2021

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Question: My husband does not sexually satisfy me. He fell asleep on me on our wedding night (the very first time I was intimate with someone). I have spoken to him and claims he tries harder and also exercises. He refuses to come near me and claims I shouldn’t be complaining and I should be grateful. He has no regrets for sleeping on me when I have the urge. I have to go to him for intimacy at least once every 3 to 4 months otherwise he isn’t bothered at all. Can I apply for divorce on this basis? Isnโ€™t intimacy my right also and how often should a couple be intimate?

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ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุญุงู…ุฏุงู‹ ูˆ ู…ุตู„ูŠุงู‹

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your case in question, as a point of principle intimacy in marriage is a shared right between the husband and wife. Just as the husband has natural urges then so does his wife. The Hanafi jurists mention that responding to intimacy when desired is wajib, which suggests that neither can the wife refuse intimacy when her husband demands it except during her menses, post-natal bleeding, during Ramadhฤn fasts and Ihram, and neither can he refuse when she demands it. The husband otherwise becomes sinful for refusing and will be accountable before Allฤh Almighty.[1] Intimacy in marriage, as Imam Nawwawi rahimahullah explains, becomes a form of worship and rewarding when done to fulfil his wifeโ€™s needs which falls under kind social treatment towards her just as Allฤh Almighty commands it. It is also rewarding with the intention of having pious children and protecting oneself from an unlawful relationship and unlawful gaze.[2] Refusing intimacy with her would inevitably lead to her suffering harm for neglecting her fundamental right.[3]

Thus, in your case if what you have stated is true then he becomes sinful for refusing intimacy with you if approaching once in 3 or 4 months is not sufficient. There is no prescribed period as to how often every couple must engage in intimacy as this varies between the natural urges of every couple. What is important is not to refuse without a valid reason and to engage in intimacy enough to protect themselves from unlawful relationship. Imam Ghazali rahimahullah however recommends every couple to be intimate at least once every four nights but this is not obligatory.[4] What I would initially recommend is consider marriage counselling or request a reliable family member to mediate between you both. Despite that, if he still remains reluctant towards you and expresses no interest in being intimate with you except once every three to four months which is not sufficient for your needs being fulfilled then as a last resort you may ask him to divorce you. If he still refuses then you can approach a reliable Shariah Council to dissolve your marriage.[5]

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[Allรฃh Knows Best]

 

 

Written and researched by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

 

[1] Kasฤn, Badฤโ€™i Sanฤi, Kitฤb al-Nikah, vol 2 p. 331

ููŽุตู’ู„ูŒ ุจูŽูŠูŽุงู†ู ุญููƒู’ู…ู ุงู„ู†ู‘ููƒูŽุงุญู

ูˆูŽู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุญููƒู’ู…ู ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุญูู„ู‘ู ุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูู…ู’ุชูŽุงุนู ู…ูุดู’ุชูŽุฑูŽูƒูŒ ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽูŠู’ู†ูุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉูŽ ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ุชูŽุญูู„ู‘ู ู„ูุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุงุŒ ููŽุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุง ูŠูŽุญูู„ู‘ู ู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุนูŽุฒู‘ูŽ ูˆูŽุฌูŽู„ู‘ูŽ: {ู„ุง ู‡ูู†ู‘ูŽ ุญูู„ู‘ูŒ ู„ูŽู‡ูู…ู’ ูˆูŽู„ุง ู‡ูู…ู’ ูŠูŽุญูู„ู‘ููˆู†ูŽ ู„ูŽู‡ูู†ู‘ูŽ} [ุงู„ู…ู…ุชุญู†ุฉ: 10] ุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูุทูŽุงู„ูุจูŽู‡ูŽุง ุจูุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ู…ูŽุชูŽู‰ ุดูŽุงุกูŽ ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุง ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุงุนู’ุชูุฑูŽุงุถู ุฃูŽุณู’ุจูŽุงุจู ู…ูŽุงู†ูุนูŽุฉู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ูƒูŽุงู„ู’ุญูŽูŠู’ุถู ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูููŽุงุณู ูˆูŽุงู„ุธู‘ูู‡ูŽุงุฑู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฅูุญู’ุฑูŽุงู…ู ูˆูŽุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุฉู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูุทูŽุงู„ูุจูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽู‡ูŽุง ุจูุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุญูู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุญูŽู‚ู‘ูู‡ูŽุง ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุญูู„ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽู‡ู ุญูŽู‚ู‘ูู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูุฐูŽุง ุทูŽุงู„ูŽุจูŽุชู’ู‡ู ูŠูŽุฌูุจู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌูุŒ ูˆูŽูŠูุฌู’ุจูŽุฑู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญููƒู’ู…ู ู…ูŽุฑู‘ูŽุฉู‹ ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏูŽุฉู‹ ูˆูŽุงู„ุฒู‘ููŠูŽุงุฏูŽุฉู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุชูŽุฌูุจู ูููŠู…ูŽุง ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุชูŽุนูŽุงู„ูŽู‰ ู…ูู†ู’ ุจูŽุงุจู ุญูุณู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุนูŽุงุดูŽุฑูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุงุณู’ุชูุฏูŽุงู…ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู†ู‘ููƒูŽุงุญูุŒ ููŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฌูุจู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญููƒู’ู…ู ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุจูŽุนู’ุถู ุฃูŽุตู’ุญูŽุงุจูู†ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุจูŽุนู’ุถูู‡ูู…ู’ ูŠูŽุฌูุจู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญููƒู’ู…ู.

Mowsuโ€™atul Fiqhiyyah Kuwaitiyyah, vol 44, p. 13

ูˆูŽู„ูู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูุทูŽุงู„ูุจูŽู‡ูŽุง ุจูุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ู…ูŽุชูŽู‰ ุดูŽุงุกูŽ ุฅูู„ุงู‘ูŽ ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุงุนู’ุชูุฑูŽุงุถู ุฃูŽุณู’ุจูŽุงุจู ู…ูŽุงู†ูุนูŽุฉู ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ูƒูŽุงู„ู’ุญูŽูŠู’ุถู ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูููŽุงุณู ูˆูŽุงู„ุธู‘ูู‡ูŽุงุฑู ูˆูŽุงู„ุฅูุญู’ุฑูŽุงู…ู ูˆูŽุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ. ูˆูŽู„ูู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุฉู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูุทูŽุงู„ูุจูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽู‡ูŽุง ุจูุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกูุŒ ู„ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุญูู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุญูŽู‚ู‘ูู‡ูŽุงุŒ ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุญูู„ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽู‡ู ุญูŽู‚ู‘ูู‡ู

 

Mowsuโ€™atul Fiqhiyyah Kuwaitiyyah, vol 44, p. 36

ู„ูู„ู’ุญูŽู†ูŽูููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูŒ ู„ูุจูŽุนู’ุถู ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽุงููุนููŠู‘ูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู„ูู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุฉู ู…ูุทูŽุงู„ูŽุจูŽุฉูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุง ุจูุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกูุŒ ู„ุฃููŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุญูู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุญูŽู‚ู‘ูู‡ูŽุงุŒ ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุญูู„ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽู‡ู ุญูŽู‚ู‘ูู‡ู. ูˆูŽุฅูุฐูŽุง ุทูŽุงู„ูŽุจูŽุชู’ู‡ู ุจูู‡ู ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูŠูŽุฌูุจู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽูŠูุฌู’ุจูŽุฑู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญููƒู’ู…ู ู…ูŽุฑู‘ูŽุฉู‹ ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏูŽุฉู‹ุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ุฒู‘ููŠูŽุงุฏูŽุฉู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุชูŽุฌูุจู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุฏููŠูŽุงู†ูŽุฉู‹ ูููŠู…ูŽุง ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ู ูˆูŽุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุชูŽุนูŽุงู„ูŽู‰ ู…ูู†ู’ ุจูŽุงุจู ุญูุณู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุนูŽุงุดูŽุฑูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุงุณู’ุชูุฏูŽุงู…ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู†ู‘ููƒูŽุงุญูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ุงูŽ ุชูŽุฌูุจู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญููƒู’ู…ู ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุจูŽุนู’ุถู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู†ูŽูููŠู‘ูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุจูŽุนู’ุถูู‡ูู…ู’ ูŠูŽุฌูุจู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญููƒู’ู…ูุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ููˆุง: ูŠูŽุฃู’ุซูŽู…ู ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌู ุฅูุฐูŽุง ุชูŽุฑูŽูƒูŽ ู…ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฌูุจู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุฏููŠูŽุงู†ูŽุฉู‹ ู…ูุชูŽุนูŽู†ู‘ูุชู‹ุง ู…ูŽุนูŽ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูุฏู’ุฑูŽุฉู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู.

 

[2] Nawwawi, Sharhul Muslim, vol 7, p. 92

ุจุงุจ ุจูŽูŠูŽุงู†ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงุณู’ู…ูŽ ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุฏูŽู‚ูŽุฉู ูŠูŽู‚ูŽุนู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ูƒูู„ู‘ู ู†ูŽูˆู’ุนู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุนู’ุฑููˆูู

ย ูˆูŽูููŠ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุฏูŽู„ููŠู„ูŒ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุฅูู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุจูŽุงุญูŽุงุชู ุชูŽุตููŠุฑู ุทูŽุงุนูŽุงุชู ุจูุงู„ู†ู‘ููŠู‘ูŽุงุชู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุงุฏูู‚ูŽุงุชูุŒ ููŽุงู„ู’ุฌูู…ูŽุงุนู ูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ุนูุจูŽุงุฏูŽุฉู‹ ุฅูุฐูŽุง ู†ูŽูˆูŽู‰ ุจูู‡ู ู‚ูŽุถูŽุงุกูŽ ุญูŽู‚ู‘ู ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู…ูุนูŽุงุดูŽุฑูŽุชูŽู‡ูŽุง ุจูุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุนู’ุฑููˆูู ุงู„ู‘ูŽุฐููŠ ุฃูŽู…ูŽุฑูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุชูŽุนูŽุงู„ูŽู‰ ุจูู‡ูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุทูŽู„ูŽุจูŽ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏู ุตูŽุงู„ูุญูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฅูุนู’ููŽุงููŽ ู†ูŽูู’ุณูู‡ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฅูุนู’ููŽุงููŽ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽู…ูŽู†ู’ุนูŽู‡ูู…ูŽุง ุฌูŽู…ููŠุนู‹ุง ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุธูŽุฑู ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ุญูŽุฑูŽุงู…ู ุฃูŽูˆู ุงู„ู’ูููƒู’ุฑู ูููŠู‡ู ุฃูŽูˆู ุงู„ู’ู‡ูŽู…ู‘ู ุจูู‡ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู‚ูŽุงุตูุฏู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุงู„ูุญูŽุฉู

 

[3] Kasฤn, Badฤโ€™i Sanฤi, Kitฤb al-Nikah, vol 2 p. 334

ููŽุตู’ู„ูŒ ูˆูู„ูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ุงู„ุชู‘ูŽุฃู’ุฏููŠุจู ู„ูู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌู ุฅุฐูŽุง ู„ูŽู…ู’ ุชูุทูุนู’ู‡ู

ู‚ููŠู„ูŽ ูŠูุฎูŽูˆู‘ูููู‡ูŽุง ุจูุงู„ู’ู‡ูŽุฌู’ุฑู ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู‹ุง ูˆูŽุงู„ูุงุนู’ุชูุฒูŽุงู„ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽุชูŽุฑู’ูƒู ุงู„ู’ุฌูู…ูŽุงุนู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูุถูŽุงุฌูŽุนูŽุฉูุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู’ ุชูŽุฑูŽูƒูŽุชู’ ูˆูŽุฅูู„ู‘ูŽุง ู‡ูŽุฌูŽุฑูŽู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽุนูŽู„ู‘ูŽ ู†ูŽูู’ุณูŽู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ุชูŽุญู’ุชูŽู…ูู„ู ุงู„ู’ู‡ูŽุฌู’ุฑูŽุŒ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุงูุฎู’ุชูู„ูููŽ ูููŠ ูƒูŽูŠู’ูููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ู‡ูŽุฌู’ุฑู ู‚ููŠู„ูŽ ูŠูŽู‡ู’ุฌูุฑูู‡ูŽุง ุจูุฃูŽู†ู’ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูุฌูŽุงู…ูุนูŽู‡ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูุถูŽุงุฌูุนูŽู‡ูŽุง ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ููุฑูŽุงุดูู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ููŠู„ูŽ ูŠูŽู‡ู’ุฌูุฑูู‡ูŽุง ุจูุฃูŽู†ู’ ู„ูŽุง ูŠููƒูŽู„ู‘ูู…ูŽู‡ูŽุง ูููŠ ุญูŽุงู„ู ู…ูุถูŽุงุฌูŽุนูŽุชูู‡ู ุฅูŠู‘ูŽุงู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽุชู’ุฑููƒูŽ ุฌูู…ูŽุงุนูŽู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽู…ูุถูŽุงุฌูŽุนูŽุชูŽู‡ูŽุงุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุญูŽู‚ู‘ูŒ ู…ูุดู’ุชูŽุฑูŽูƒูŒ ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูู…ูŽุงุŒ ููŽูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ูููŠ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุถู‘ูŽุฑูŽุฑู ู…ูŽุง ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ูŽุงุŒ ููŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูุคูŽุฏู‘ูุจูŽู‡ูŽุง ุจูู…ูŽุง ูŠูŽุถูุฑู‘ู ุจูู†ูŽูู’ุณูู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽูŠูุจู’ุทูู„ู ุญูŽู‚ู‘ูŽู‡ูุŒ

 

[4] Al-Ghazali, Ihya Ulum al-Deen, Kitab Adab Nikah, vol 2, p. 50

ูˆูŽูŠูŽู†ู’ุจูŽุบููŠ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽุฃู’ุชููŠูŽู‡ูŽุง ูููŠ ูƒูู„ ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนู ู„ูŽูŠูŽุงู„ู ู…ูŽุฑู‘ูŽุฉู‹ุŒ ููŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุฃูŽุนู’ุฏูŽู„ูู‡ูุŒ ุฅูุฐู’ ุนูŽุฏูŽุฏู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูุณูŽุงุกู ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนูŽุฉูŒุŒ ููŽุฌูŽุงุฒูŽ ุงู„ุชู‘ูŽุฃู’ุฎููŠุฑู ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏู‘ู. ู†ูŽุนูŽู…ู’ุŒ ูŠูŽู†ู’ุจูŽุบููŠ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽุฒููŠุฏูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูŠูŽู†ู’ู‚ูุตูŽ ุจูุญูŽุณูŽุจู ุญูŽุงุฌูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ุชู‘ูŽุญู’ุตููŠู†ูุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽ ุชูŽุญู’ุตููŠู†ูŽู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽุงุฌูุจูŒ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ู„ุงูŽ ูŠูŽุซู’ุจูุชู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุทูŽุงู„ูŽุจูŽุฉู ุจูุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกูุŒ ูˆูŽุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ู„ูุนูุณู’ุฑู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุทูŽุงู„ูŽุจูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ูˆูŽููŽุงุกู.

 

[5] Majmuโ€™atul Qawaneen Islami, Muslim Personal Law, Husband neglecting his Marital Obligations, Article 327, ย p. 242,

 

This is also the view of Shaykhul Islฤm ibn Taymiyyah rahimahullah, Mowsuโ€™atul Fiqhiyyah Kuwaitiyyah, vol 44, p. 38

ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ู‚ูŽุงู„ ุงุจู’ู†ู ุชูŽูŠู’ู…ููŠู‘ูŽุฉูŽ: ูˆูŽุญูุตููˆู„ ุงู„ุถู‘ูŽุฑูŽุฑู ู„ูู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุฉู ุจูุชูŽุฑู’ูƒู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ู…ูู‚ู’ุชูŽุถู ู„ูู„ู’ููŽุณู’ุฎู ุจููƒูู„ ุญูŽุงู„ูุŒ ุณูŽูˆูŽุงุกูŒ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุจูู‚ูŽุตู’ุฏู ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุจูุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ู‚ูŽุตู’ุฏูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ู…ูŽุนูŽ ู‚ูุฏู’ุฑูŽุชูู‡ู ูˆูŽุนูŽุฌู’ุฒูู‡ูุŒ ูƒูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽููŽู‚ูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุฃูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽู‰ ู„ูู„ู’ููŽุณู’ุฎู ุจูุชูŽุนูŽุฐู‘ูุฑูู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ุฅููŠู„ุงูŽุกู ุฅูุฌู’ู…ูŽุงุนู‹ุง

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A Person with Stammer Praying Salฤh

16th February 2022

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ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ ุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡

Question: I have a case where Iโ€™m the only Muslim with this disorder. Only 1% of the human population has this disorder. I reverted 2 months ago and havenโ€™t missed a single prayer, Alhamdulillah. But Iโ€™m afraid this stutter is going to mess with my Iman. I have a neurological stammer and I struggle with some words in Salah. Sometimes words donโ€™t even come out in Salah. Iโ€™m depressed and it takes me 20min (sometimes more) to pray fajr. Iโ€™m terrified that my prayers arenโ€™t accepted because of this and I need a ruling on my disorder because thereโ€™s no ruling on it. Such as I say Alawatu instead of Salawatu and Irata instead of Sirata and much more. Should I carry on in this manner? Or should I struggle my hardest to say the word. Should I repeat the words if I donโ€™t say it properly or just carry on with the prayer. This neurological stammer is really affecting my life. Outside when I start working it takes me 20-30 min to pray each prayer. Salah Is supposed to take maximum 5-10 minutes and itโ€™s supposed to be peaceful. Please advise.

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In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer:

We cordially congratulate you for your steadfastness and zeal for Ibadah and pray that Allฤh Almighty creates ease for you, Ameen. Concerning your problem, it is important to understand that Allฤh Almighty has created everyone with different abilities and strengths, and He tests his creation differently in accordance to their natural strength. A believer is rewarded on the account of their patience, struggle and steadfastness. In your case, struggling with recitation is also a reward for you. The Messenger of Allฤh sallallahu alayhi wasallam said, โ€œAn expert in the Quran will be in the company of the noble and pious angels, and the one who stutters and recites and it is difficult upon him (to recite correctly in spite of excessive attempts to recite correctly) will receive double reward.โ€[1]

As for your Salฤh is concerned, then primarily the recitation must be in Arabic even if it requires some struggle. There is no need for you to worry about your previous prayers after exerting all of your best efforts as the Qurโ€™an states that โ€œAllah does not burden a soul more than it can bear.โ€[2] If the struggle is so severe that you are unable to recite in Arabic then there is scope of permissibility to recite in a language you are familiar with.[3] You may follow this ruling temporarily to assist you until you are able to recite fluently in Arabic, otherwise if you can recite even a small portion then you must recite in Arabic despite the stammer. As for leading the Salฤh then you must avoid doing so,[4] because one of the conditions of leading includes being able to recite fluently as the Imam is responsible for the Salฤh of the congregants.

 

 

[Allฤh Knows Best]

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Written by:ย  Mufti Anas Mullahย ย ย ย  ย ย ย Reviewed by:ย Muftiย Abdulย Waheed

Attested by:ย Shaykhย Muftiย Saifulย Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

[1] Sahih Muslim, Vol. 1, Pg.ย  269

ุจุงุจ ูุถูŠู„ุฉ ุญุงูุธ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงู†

ุนู† ุนุงุฆุดุฉ ู‚ุงู„ุช ู‚ุงู„ ุฑุณูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆุณู„ู… ุงู„ู…ุงู‡ุฑ ุจุงู„ู‚ุฑุขู† ู…ุน ุงู„ุณูุฑุฉ ุงู„ูƒุฑุงู… ุงู„ุจุฑุฑุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู‚ุฑุฃ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุขู† ูˆูŠุชุชุนุชุน ููŠู‡ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุดุงู‚ ู„ู‡ ุฃุฌุฑุงู†

[2] Quran [2:286]

 

[3] Fatawa Hindiyya, Kitฤbul Salaah, Bฤb fi shurut as salaah, vol 1 p.69

ูˆุฃู…ุง ุญุฏ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ูู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุชุตุญูŠุญ ุงู„ุญุฑูˆู ุฃู…ุฑ ู„ุง ุจุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ ูุฅู† ุตุญุญ ุงู„ุญุฑูˆู ุจู„ุณุงู†ู‡ ูˆู„ู… ูŠุณู…ุน ู†ูุณู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุฌูˆุฒ ูˆุจู‡ ุฃุฎุฐ ุนุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดุงูŠุฎ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุท ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุงุฑ. ู‡ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุณุฑุงุฌูŠุฉ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญ. ู‡ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุงูŠุฉ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ุชุณู…ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฐุจูŠุญุฉ ูˆุงู„ุงุณุชุซู†ุงุก ููŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุทู„ุงู‚ ูˆุงู„ุนุชุงู‚ ูˆุงู„ุฅูŠู„ุงุก ูˆุงู„ุจูŠุน.

ูˆู„ุง ุชุฌูˆุฒ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ุจุงู„ูุงุฑุณูŠุฉ ุฅู„ุง ุจุนุฐุฑ ุนู†ุฏ ุฃุจูŠ ูŠูˆุณู ูˆู…ุญู…ุฏ ุฑุญู…ู‡ู…ุง ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุจู‡ ูŠูุชู‰.

[4] Ibn Nujaym, Al Bahr al Raaโ€™iq, Kitฤbul Salaah, Bฤb al imamah, Al Ahaqqu bil imamah fis Salaah vol 1 p.368

ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุซู… ุงู„ุฃู‚ุฑุฃ) ู…ุญุชู…ู„ ู„ุดูŠุฆูŠู† ุฃุญุฏู‡ู…ุง ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฏ ุจู‡ ุฃุญูุธู‡ู… ู„ู„ู‚ุฑุขู† ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุชุจุงุฏุฑุŒ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃุญุณู†ู‡ู… ุชู„ุงูˆุฉ ู„ู„ู‚ุฑุขู† ุจุงุนุชุจุงุฑ ุชุฌูˆูŠุฏ ู‚ุฑุงุกุชู‡ ูˆุชุฑุชูŠู„ู‡ุง ูˆู‚ุฏ ุงู‚ุชุตุฑ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู…ุฉ ุชู„ู…ูŠุฐ ุงู„ู…ุญู‚ู‚ ุงุจู† ุงู„ู‡ู…ุงู… ููŠ ุดุฑุญ ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ูู‚ูŠุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡

 

Applying Hair Dye and Eye Lash lifts During Ihram

8th February 2022

 

ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ ุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡

ย Question: My question is regarding beautification in umrah and Hajj. I am aware umrah must be done in your purest form with no perfume and make up. However, is umrah valid if you have your hair dyed/coloured and is umrah valid if you have brows tinted which is temporary and like colouring or dying your hair. ย Will the umrah be valid with a lash lift? Lash lift is the perming of lashes which curls and gives the lashes a lift temporarily. None of these things prevent wudu or water being penetrated but as these are a form of changing oneโ€™s natural creation? I want to know if umrah will still be valid with this or not?

ย 

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer:

Eyebrow tinting is a technique used to semi-permanently colour the brow hairs. It combines two effects โ€“ itย colours the hairsย themselves but alsoย slightlyย stains the skin underneathย for an extra effect.ย The stain of colour on the skin provides an element of filling in thinner spaces within the brow. The stain lasts approximately one week while the actual colour on the hair strands will grow out over the course of two to four weeks.[1] An eyelash lift is a cosmetic technique performed at a beauty salon that claims to lift, curl and define your lashes. The procedure involves coating the lashes with adhesive and curling them around rollers. After the eyelashes are curled, chemical solutions are applied to the lashes to create a long-lasting curl. The eyelash lift usually lasts around one to two months.[2]

Generally, such beautifications have no bearing on the validity of Ihram of Umrah and Hajj so long as the hair dye and the dye used in eyebrow tinting and substance used in a lash lift do not coat the hair, eyebrows or eyelashes and water is able to penetrate those areas, otherwise if they do then the Tawaf of Umrah or in Hajj will not be valid.[3] As a precaution, we do advise to verify with the beautician to ensure these substances any dye do not form a coating layer that prevents water from penetrating just in case they do.

Regarding the ruling ofย taghyeerย (alteration) โ€“ changing oneโ€™s natural creation that Allฤh Almighty made a person upon does not apply in the above-mentioned scenarios.ย Taghyeer is a result of permanent change to oneโ€™s natural outlook for embellishment to any bodily part either by adding or removing something which is prohibited. If it is a temporary beautification then it is not prohibited on the account ofย taghyeer.[4]

 

[Allฤh Knows Best]

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ย 

Written by:ย  Apaย Sajedaย ย ย ย ย  ย ย ย ย Reviewed by:ย Muftiย Abdulย Waheed

Attested by: Shaykhย Muftiย Saifulย Islam

ย JKN Fatawa Department

ย 

[1] Rebecca, A., 2022.ย Everything You Need to Know About Eyebrow Tinting. [online] Byrdie. Available at: <https://www.byrdie.com/eyebrow-tinting-facts-5073824> [Accessed 22 January 2022].

 

[2] ย L’Orรฉal Paris. 2022.ย What Is a Lash Lift? – L’Orรฉal Paris. [online] Available at: <https://www.lorealparisusa.com/beauty-magazine/makeup/eye-makeup/what-is-a-lash-lift> [Accessed 22 January 2022].

 

[3] Al- Muheet al Burhani, Kitabul Hajj, vol 2, p. 464

ูˆููŠ ยซุงู„ุฌุงู…ุน ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑยป : ุทุงู ู„ุนู…ุฑุชู‡ุŒ ูˆุณุนู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ูˆุถูˆุก ู„ู‡ ุญู„ ุจู…ูƒุฉ ุฃุนุงุฏ ุงู„ุทูˆุงู ูˆูŠุณุนู‰ุŒ ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง ุฃุนุงุฏ ุงู„ุณุนูŠุ› ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุณุนูŠ ูˆุฅู† ุตุญ ู…ุน ุงู„ุญุฏุซ ุจูˆุตู ุงู„ุชู…ุงู…ุ› ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ุชุนู„ู‚ ู„ู‡ ุจุงู„ุจูŠุชุŒ ุฅู„ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ุณุนูŠ ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„ุทูˆุงู ูˆู…ุฑุชุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุŒ ุฃู„ุง ุชุฑู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุนุฏ ู‚ุฑุจุฉ ุจุฏูˆู† ุงู„ุทูˆุงูุŒ ูˆู‚ุฏ ุฃู…ุฑ ุจุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุณุนูŠ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุชุจุนูŠุฉุŸ ูˆุฅู† ุฑุฌุน ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู‡ู„ู‡ุŒ ูˆู„ู… ูŠุนุฏ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุญู„ุงู„ุงู‹ ูˆุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฏู… ู„ุฅุฏุฎุงู„ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุตุงู† ููŠ ุทูˆุงู ุงู„ุนู…ุฑุฉุŒ ูˆู„ูŠุณ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู„ู„ุณุนูŠ ุดูŠุกุŒ

 

Al Bahr al Raโ€™iq , Kitabul Hajj, Vol 3, Pg 21

(ู‚ูˆู„ู‡: ูˆุงู„ุตุฏุฑ) ุจุงู„ุฌุฑ ุนุทู ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูˆู… ูุชุฌุจ ุตุฏู‚ุฉ ู„ูˆ ุทุงู ู…ุญุฏุซุง ูˆุฏู… ู„ูˆ ุฌู†ุจุง ูู‚ุฏ ุณูˆูˆุง ุจูŠู† ุทูˆุงู ุงู„ู‚ุฏูˆู… ูˆุจูŠู† ุทูˆุงู ุงู„ุตุฏุฑ ู…ุน ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุณู†ุฉ ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูˆุงุฌุจุŒ ูˆุฃุฌุงุจ ุนู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ุฏุงูŠุฉ ุจุฃู† ุทูˆุงู ุงู„ู‚ุฏูˆู… ูŠุตูŠุฑ ูˆุงุฌุจุง ุฃูŠุถุง ุจุงู„ุดุฑูˆุนุŒ ูˆุฃู‚ุฑู‡ ุงู„ุดุงุฑุญูˆู†ุŒ ูˆู‚ุฏ ูŠู‚ุงู„ ุฅู† ู…ุง ูˆุฌุจ ุงุจุชุฏุงุก ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุดุฑูˆุน ุฃู‚ูˆู‰ ู…ู…ุง ูˆุฌุจ ุจุงู„ุดุฑูˆุน ููŠู†ุจุบูŠ ุนุฏู… ุงู„ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ู‚ูŠุฏ ุจุชุฑูƒ ุงู„ุทู‡ุงุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุทูˆุงูุ› ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุณุนูŠ ู…ุญุฏุซุง ุฃูˆ ุฌู†ุจุง ู„ุง ูŠูˆุฌุจ ุดูŠุฆุง ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู† ุณุนูŠ ุนู…ุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ ุญุฌุ› ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุนุจุงุฏุฉ ุชุคุฏู‰ ู„ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุฌุฏ ุงู„ุญุฑุงู… ูˆุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุฃู† ูƒู„ ุนุจุงุฏุฉ ุชุคุฏู‰ ู„ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุฌุฏ ููŠ ุฃุญูƒุงู… ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณูƒ ูุงู„ุทู‡ุงุฑุฉ ู„ูŠุณุช ุจูˆุงุฌุจุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ูƒุงู„ุณุนูŠ ูˆุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆู ุจุนุฑูุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุฒุฏู„ูุฉ ูˆุฑู…ูŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ุงุฑ ุจุฎู„ุงู ุงู„ุทูˆุงู ูุฅู†ู‡ ุนุจุงุฏุฉ ุชุคุฏู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุฌุฏ ููƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุทู‡ุงุฑุฉ ูˆุงุฌุจุฉ ููŠู‡ ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ูุชุงูˆู‰ ุงู„ุธู‡ูŠุฑูŠุฉ.

 

 

[4] Mufti Muhamad Uthman Shabir, Ahkaam Jarahatul Tajmeel fi Fiqhil Islami, Pg 11

ุญุฑู… ุงุณู„ุงู… ุงู„ูˆุดู… ูˆุงู„ูˆุณู… ูˆุงู„ู‚ุดุฑ ู…ุง ู„ุง ููŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุงุตู„ูŠุฉ ุจู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุจุงู‚ ูˆุชุนุฐูŠุจ ุฅู„ุงู†ุณุงู† ุจู„ุง ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉย . ูˆุฃุฌุงุฒ ุงู„ุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ู…ุง ู„ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุงู‚ูŠุง ู…ู† ุงุฃู„ุตุจุงุบ ูƒุงู„ูƒุญู„ ูˆ ุงู„ุญู†ุงุก ูˆุงู„ูƒุชู… ูˆุงู„ุญู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑ ุฐู„ูƒ

 

Imam Qurtubi, Tafseer Qurtubi, Vol 5, Pg 393

ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู‚ุฏ ุดู‡ุฏุช ุงู„ุฃุญุงุฏูŠุซ ุจู„ุนู† ูุงุนู„ู‡ุง ูˆุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุจุงุฆุฑ ุŒ ูˆุงุฎุชู„ู ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ู‡ู‰ ู„ุฃุฌู„ู‡ุง ุŒ ูู‚ูŠู„ : ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุจุงุจ ุงู„ุชุฏู„ูŠุณ ุŒ ูˆู‚ูŠู„ : ู…ู† ุจุงุจ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุฎู„ู‚ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุชุนุงู„ู‰ ูƒู…ุง ู‚ุงู„ ุงุจู† ู…ุณุนูˆุฏ ุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฃุตุญ ุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ูŠุชุถู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุŒ ุซู… ู‚ูŠู„ : ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู†ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ู‡ ุฅู†ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ููŠู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุงู‚ูŠุงู‹ ุ› ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุจุงุจ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุฎู„ู‚ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุชุนุงู„ู‰ ุŒย ูุฃู…ุง ู…ุงู„ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุงู‚ูŠุงู‹ ูƒุงู„ูƒุญู„ ูˆุงู„ุชุฒูŠู† ุจู‡ ู„ู„ู†ุณุงุก ูู‚ุฏ ุฃุฌุงุฒ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ุฐู„ูƒ โ€œย ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰ ู…ู† โ€œ.

ย 

Does a Presumably Deceased Husbandโ€™s Nikah Still Remain Intact After Discovering He was Alive?

Does a Presumably Deceased Husbandโ€™s Nikah Still Remain Intact After Discovering He was Alive?

ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  6th January 2022

ย ย 

Question: I need your guidance regarding an urgent matter. The problem is that few years back my brotherโ€™s family lived in Canada. My brother had a plane crash and the authorities reported him dead. So, his family returned back to Pakistan. My parents married me to my sister-in-law (after completing her iddah). She had 1 son and 1 daughter from her previous marriage. Now after 1 year the embassy reported that my brother is alive and survived the crash but was in comma since then. Now my question is, what is the legal status of my marriage? Also, she is pregnant with my baby girl so who will be the legal father?

ย 

ย 

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุญุงู…ุฏุงู‹ ูˆ ู…ุตู„ูŠุงู‹

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Answer

In reference to your case in question, if what you have said is true to its very nature then due to the complex nature of your query, there are a number of factors that must be addressed namely the announcement of her husbandโ€™s death, his right to reclaiming his wife after he is discovered to be alive and the legal father of the new baby girl.

As for the first issue about the announcement of her husbandโ€™s death, then the general ruling is that post-death injunctions only apply once a personโ€™s death has been confirmed after thorough investigation of a personโ€™s living status. Such confirmed report must be based on sound evidence that establishes near certainty of their death and not founded on mere assumptions. Near certainty can be established either by reliable witnesses or from the reports of such existential calamities that leave little scope of survival. If the authorityโ€™s report of her former husbandโ€™s death due to a plane crash was convincing enough to accept then it was reasonable to consider him dead as usually the chances of surviving a plane crash is extremely rare.[1] As of which all post death injunctions such as inheritance distribution, grace period of four months and ten days etc will apply.

The second issue is now that after a year the embassy notified the family that her former husband was alive all this time but was in a coma, most probably in a vegetative state and receiving treatment, if this is confirmed and the report can be trusted after investigation then the scholars of the four madhabs have differed as to which husband does she belong to (see footnote).[2] The standard position in the Hanafi school is that her first Nikah remains intact. Which means that she must return back to her former husband and her second Nikah to his younger brother becomes automatically annulled.[3] This ruling is based on Sayyiduna Umarโ€™s radhiyallahu anhu judgment during his reign of Khilafat where a man was abducted by a group of Jinns and became unknown whether he was alive or not. Sayyiduna Umar radhiyallahu anhu issued an injunction for his wife to wait for four years during which if he returned then they can reunite and live as married couple otherwise he will be presumed dead. Her husband did not return during that time and so presuming him to be dead, she observed the post-death grace period of four months and ten days and thereafter remarried to someone else. After remarrying, her former husband suddenly ย returned and upon seeing his wife with another man, he went to Khalif Umar radhiyallahu anhu and related the entire incident to him. In one narration Sayyiduna Umar radhiyallahu anhu gave him the choice between returning to his wife or reclaim his mahr back (so she can continue living with her second husband).[4] However, in another version Sayyiduna Umar radhiyallahu anhu retracted from this view in favour of Sayyiduna Ali radhiyallahu anhu who maintained that her former husband has rights over her so she must return back to him and separate from her second husband. She will be entitled to the mahr of her second husband due to the permissibility of intimacy and also observe a separate waiting period from her second husband before reuniting with her former husband. The underlying rational of this view is that the Quran prohibits men from marrying women in the wedlock of someone else. As her former Nikah was not broken, she is still in her previous marriage.[5]

The underpinning ruling of the above is similar to your situation as in, when her former husband was discovered to be alive then he has more rights over her because their nikah was still intact. As a result, your marriage with her shall be automatically annulled. Remember that to end the marriage, her husband must either divorce her or agree to a Khula โ€“ wife returning her mahr in exchange of releasing herself from his marriage – in order to remarry elsewhere otherwise she sill remains in his wedlock.

The third issue is that she must now observe a waiting period before returning back to her former husband as indicated in the fatwa of Sayyiduna Ali radhiyallahu anhu. This is because by her consummating lawfully with another man, the waiting period is so to cleanse her womb which is three menses. But if she is pregnant like in your case, then she must not consummate with him until child birth so not to mix his seminal fluid with the child she is already conceiving.[6] This leads on to the final point as to who is considered to be this new babyโ€™s legitimate father that she is now conceiving. The soundest opinion is that her second husband, which is you, will be considered the childโ€™s legal father Islamically which means that the childโ€™s lineage will be attributed to you.[7]

Having said the above, a final note on this is that such sensitive matters must be treated with wisdom. As she rightfully belongs to her first husband, no one can take that right away from him. She can no longer continue with any conjugal relationship with her second husband. Her second husband however, becomes responsible for financially maintaining his new born child.

 

 

 

[Allรฃh Knows Best]

 

 

Written and researched by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

 

[1] Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤb al-Mafqood, vol 6 p. 462-463

ู‚ูู„ู’ุช: ูˆูŽุงู„ุธู‘ูŽุงู‡ูุฑู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุธูŽุงู‡ูุฑู ุงู„ุฑู‘ููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ุฃูŽูŠู’ุถู‹ุงุŒ ุจูŽู„ู’ ู‡ููˆูŽ ุฃูŽู‚ู’ุฑูŽุจู ุฅู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ู ุจูุงู„ุชู‘ูŽู‚ู’ุฏููŠุฑูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ููŽุณู‘ูŽุฑูŽู‡ู ูููŠ ุดูŽุฑู’ุญู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู‡ู’ุจูŽุงู†ููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ุจูุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽู†ู’ุธูุฑูŽ ูˆูŽูŠูŽุฌู’ุชูŽู‡ูุฏูŽ ูˆูŽูŠูŽูู’ุนูŽู„ูŽ ู…ูŽุง ูŠูŽุบู’ู„ูุจู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุธูŽู†ู‘ูู‡ู ููŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽู‚ููˆู„ู ุจูุงู„ุชู‘ูŽู‚ู’ุฏููŠุฑูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุฑูุฏู’ ุจูู‡ู ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽุฑู’ุนู ุจูŽู„ู’ ูŠูŽู†ู’ุธูุฑู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู‚ู’ุฑูŽุงู†ู ูˆูŽูููŠ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽู…ูŽุงู†ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูƒูŽุงู†ู ูˆูŽูŠูŽุฌู’ุชูŽู‡ูุฏูุŒ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ู†ูŽู‚ูŽู„ูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ู…ูุบู’ู†ููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู†ูŽุงุจูู„ูŽุฉู ุญููƒูŽุงูŠูŽุชูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽุงููุนููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏูุŒ ูˆูŽุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุดู’ู‡ููˆุฑู ุนูŽู†ู’ ู…ูŽุงู„ููƒู ูˆูŽุฃูŽุจููŠ ุญูŽู†ููŠููŽุฉูŽ ูˆูŽุฃูŽุจููŠ ูŠููˆุณูููŽ. ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽูŠู’ู„ูŽุนููŠู‘ู: ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูŠูŽุฎู’ุชูŽู„ููู ุจูุงุฎู’ุชูู„ูŽุงูู ุงู„ู’ุจูู„ูŽุงุฏู ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ุบูŽู„ูŽุจูŽุฉู ุงู„ุธู‘ูŽู†ู‘ู ุชูŽุฎู’ุชูŽู„ููู ุจูุงุฎู’ุชูู„ูŽุงูู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุดู’ุฎูŽุงุตู ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูู„ู’ูƒูŽ ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุธููŠู…ูŽ ุฅุฐูŽุง ุงู†ู’ู‚ูŽุทูŽุนูŽ ุฎูŽุจูŽุฑูู‡ู ูŠูŽุบู’ู„ูุจู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุธู‘ูŽู†ู‘ู ูููŠ ุฃูŽุฏู’ู†ูŽู‰ ู…ูุฏู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู‚ูŽุฏู’ ู…ูŽุงุชูŽ ุงู‡ู€ ูˆูŽู…ูู‚ู’ุชูŽุถูŽุงู‡ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูŠูŽุฌู’ุชูŽู‡ูุฏู ูˆูŽูŠูุญูŽูƒู‘ูู…ู ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุฑูŽุงุฆูู†ูŽ ุงู„ุธู‘ูŽุงู‡ูุฑูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŽุงู„ู‘ูŽุฉูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู…ูŽูˆู’ุชูู‡ู ูˆูŽุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ูŠูุจู’ุชูŽู†ูŽู‰ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุฌูŽุงู…ูุนู ุงู„ู’ููŽุชูŽุงูˆูŽู‰ ุญูŽูŠู’ุซู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ูˆูŽุฅูุฐูŽุง ููู‚ูุฏูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูู‡ู’ู„ููƒูŽุฉู ููŽู…ูŽูˆู’ุชูู‡ู ุบูŽุงู„ูุจูŒ ููŽูŠูุญู’ูƒูŽู…ู ุจูู‡ูุŒ ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ููู‚ูุฏูŽ ูููŠ ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ุงู„ู’ู…ูู„ูŽุงู‚ูŽุงุฉู ู…ูŽุนูŽ ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุฏููˆู‘ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู…ูŽุนูŽ ู‚ูุทู‘ูŽุงุนู ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽุฑููŠู‚ูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุณูŽุงููŽุฑูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑูŽุถู ุงู„ู’ุบูŽุงู„ูุจู ู‡ูŽู„ูŽุงูƒูู‡ูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุณูŽููŽุฑูู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุญู’ุฑู ูˆูŽู…ูŽุง ุฃูŽุดู’ุจูŽู‡ูŽ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุญููƒูู…ูŽ ุจูู…ูŽูˆู’ุชูู‡ูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุบูŽุงู„ูุจู ูููŠ ู‡ูŽุฐูู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงู„ูŽุงุชู ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงุญู’ุชูู…ูŽุงู„ูŽูŠู’ู†ูุŒ ูˆูŽุงุญู’ุชูู…ูŽุงู„ู ู…ูŽูˆู’ุชูู‡ู ู†ูŽุงุดูุฆูŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฏูŽู„ููŠู„ู ู„ูŽุง ุงุญู’ุชูู…ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุญูŽูŠูŽุงุชูู‡ูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ูุงุญู’ุชูู…ูŽุงู„ูŽ ูƒูŽุงุญู’ุชูู…ูŽุงู„ู ู…ูŽุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ุจูŽู„ูŽุบูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ู‚ููˆุฏู ู…ูู‚ู’ุฏูŽุงุฑูŽ ู…ูŽุง ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุนููŠุดู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุญูŽุณูŽุจู ู…ูŽุง ุงุฎู’ุชูŽู„ูŽูููˆุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูู‚ู’ุฏูŽุงุฑู ู†ูŽู‚ู’ู„ูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุบูู†ู’ูŠูŽุฉู ุงู‡ู€ ู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุฌูŽุงู…ูุนู ุงู„ู’ููŽุชูŽุงูˆูŽู‰.

 

[2] According to the famous view of the Maliki school, her first husband cannot claim any rights over her as she now belongs to her second husband. According to the Shafiโ€™ee school, like the Hanafi school, her second Nikah will be automatically annulled and must return back to her former husband after completing a cleansing waiting period from her second husband. According to the soundest opinion of the Hanbali school, her first husband can claim rights over her if her second marriage was not consummated. If she consummated her second marriage then her first husband will be given a choice to either to take her back or release her by reclaiming his mahr in order to remain with her second husband.

 

Mawsooโ€™atul Fiqhiyyat Kuwaitiyyah, vol 38, p. 279 – shamila

ูˆูŽุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุงู„ููƒููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ู‚ููˆุฏูŽ ุฅูู†ู’ ุนูŽุงุฏูŽ ู‚ูŽุจู’ู„ ู†ููƒูŽุงุญู ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุชูู‡ู ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูŽู‡ูุŒ ููŽู‡ููŠูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุชูู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุดู’ู‡ููˆุฑู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุนู’ู…ููˆู„ ุจูู‡ูุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู’ ุนูŽุงุฏูŽ ุจูŽุนู’ุฏูŽ ุงู„ู†ู‘ููƒูŽุงุญูุŒ ููŽุนูŽู†ู’ ู…ูŽุงู„ููƒู ูููŠ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุฑููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุชูŽุงู†ู: ุงู„ุฃู’ูˆู„ูŽู‰: ุฅูู†ู’ ุนูŽุงุฏูŽ ู‚ูŽุจู’ู„ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูุฎููˆู„ุŒ ููŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุฃูŽุญูŽู‚ู‘ู ุจูู‡ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽูŠูููŽุฑู‘ูŽู‚ู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠุŒ ูˆูŽุฃูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ุฅูู†ู’ ุนูŽุงุฏูŽ ุจูŽุนู’ุฏูŽ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูุฎููˆู„ุŒ ููŽุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู†ููƒูŽุงุญูู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ุงูŽ ูŠูููŽุฑู‘ูŽู‚ู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุชูู‡ู. ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠูŽุฉู: ุฅูู†ู’ ุนูŽุงุฏูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ู‚ููˆุฏูุŒ ููŽูˆูŽุฌูŽุฏูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุชูŽู‡ู ู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽุชู’ ููŽู„ุงูŽ ุณูŽุจููŠู„ ู„ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽูƒูู†ู’ ุฏูุฎููˆู„ูŒ. ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุฃูŽุฎูŽุฐูŽ ุจููƒูู„ู‘ู ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุชูŽูŠู’ู†ู ุทูŽุงุฆูููŽุฉูŒ ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุงู„ููƒููŠู‘ูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ ุงุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุงุณูู…ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฃูŽุดู’ู‡ูŽุจู ุจูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุฃูŽู‚ู’ูˆูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽูŠู’ู†ู ู…ูŽุง ุฌูŽุงุกูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ุฑู‘ููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠูŽุฉูย  ูˆูŽู‡ููŠูŽ ู…ูŽุฐู’ูƒููˆุฑูŽุฉูŒ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ููˆูŽุทู‘ูŽุฃู

ูˆูŽู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽุงููุนููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ูŠูŽุฎู’ุชูŽู„ููู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุฏููŠู…ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฌูŽุฏููŠุฏู: ููŽูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุฏููŠู…ู: ุฅูู†ู’ ู‚ูŽุฏูู…ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ู‚ููˆุฏู ุจูŽุนู’ุฏูŽ ุฒูŽูˆูŽุงุฌู ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชูู‡ูุŒ ููŽูููŠ ุนูŽูˆู’ุฏูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง ุฅูู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ุงูŽู†ูุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ููŠู„ ูŠูุฎูŽูŠู‘ูŽุฑู ุงู„ุฃู’ูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฃูŽุฎู’ุฐูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠุŒ ูˆูŽุชูŽุฑู’ูƒูู‡ูŽุง ู„ูŽู‡ู ูˆูŽุฃูŽุฎู’ุฐู ู…ูŽู‡ู’ุฑู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุซู’ู„ ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู. ูˆูŽูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽุฏููŠุฏู: ู‡ููŠูŽ ุจูŽุงู‚ููŠูŽุฉูŒ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู†ููƒูŽุงุญู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ู‚ููˆุฏูุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู’ ุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽุชู’ ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูŽู‡ู ููŽู†ููƒูŽุงุญูู‡ูŽุง ุจูŽุงุทูู„ูŒุŒ ุชูŽุนููˆุฏู ู„ูู„ุฃู’ูˆู‘ูŽู„ ุจูŽุนู’ุฏูŽ ุงู†ู’ุชูู‡ูŽุงุกู ุนูุฏู‘ูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูู†ูŽ ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ.

ูˆูŽุฐูŽู‡ูŽุจูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู†ูŽุงุจูู„ูŽุฉู ุฅูู„ูŽู‰ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ู‚ููˆุฏูŽ ุฅูู†ู’ ู‚ูŽุฏูู…ูŽ ู‚ูŽุจู’ู„ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูŽุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽ ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชูู‡ูุŒ ููŽู‡ููŠูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุนูุตู’ู…ูŽุชูู‡ู. ููŽุฅูู†ู’ ุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽุชู’ ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูŽู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุฏู’ุฎูู„ ุจูู‡ูŽุงุŒ ููŽู‡ููŠูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุฉู ุงู„ุฃู’ูˆู‘ูŽู„ ูููŠ ุฑููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููŠูŽ ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุญููŠุญูุŒ ูˆูŽูููŠ ุฑููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูŠูุฎูŽูŠู‘ูŽุฑู.ููŽุฅูู†ู’ ุฏูŽุฎูŽู„ ุจูู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠุŒ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุงู„ุฃู’ูˆู‘ูŽู„ ุจูุงู„ู’ุฎููŠูŽุงุฑูุŒ ุฅูู†ู’ ุดูŽุงุกูŽ ุฃูŽุฎูŽุฐูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุชูŽู‡ู ุจูุงู„ู’ุนูŽู‚ู’ุฏู ุงู„ุฃู’ูˆู‘ูŽู„ุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ุดูŽุงุกูŽ ุฃูŽุฎูŽุฐูŽ ู…ูŽู‡ู’ุฑูŽู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽุจูŽู‚ููŠูŽุชู’ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู†ููƒูŽุงุญู ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ.

 

[3] Shaykh Ashraf Ali Thanvi, Hiylatun Najizah, p. 68-69

[4] Musannaf ibn Abi Shaybah, No: 16720

ุงุจู’ู†ู ุนููŠูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽุฉูŽุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽู…ู’ุฑููˆุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽุญู’ูŠูŽู‰ ุจู’ู†ู ุฌูŽุนู’ุฏูŽุฉูŽุŒ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุฑูŽุฌูู„ู‹ุง ุงุณู’ุชูŽู‡ููˆูŽุชู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฌูู†ู‘ู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุนูŽู‡ู’ุฏู ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽุŒ ููŽุฃูŽุชูŽุชู ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชูู‡ู ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽุŒ ููŽุฃูŽู…ูŽุฑูŽู‡ูŽุง ยซุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูŽุฑูŽุจู‘ูŽุตูŽ ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนูŽ ุณูู†ููŠู†ูŽุŒ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฃูŽู…ูŽุฑูŽ ูˆูŽู„ููŠู‘ูŽู‡ู ุจูŽุนู’ุฏูŽ ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนู ุณูู†ููŠู†ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูุทูŽู„ู‘ูู‚ูŽู‡ูŽุงุŒ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฃูŽู…ูŽุฑูŽู‡ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูŽุนู’ุชูŽุฏู‘ูŽุŒ ููŽุฅูุฐูŽุง ุงู†ู’ู‚ูŽุถูŽุชู’ ุนูุฏู‘ูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง ุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽุชู’ุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู’ ุฌูŽุงุกูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุง ุฎููŠู‘ูุฑูŽ ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชูู‡ู ูˆูŽุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุฏูŽุงู‚ูยป

 

Sarakhsi, Kitฤb al-Mabsoot, Kitฤb al-Mafqood, vol 11 p. 39-40

ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุญู’ู…ูŽู†ู ุจู’ู†ู ุฃูŽุจููŠ ู„ูŽูŠู’ู„ูŽู‰ ุฑูŽุญูู…ูŽู‡ูู…ูŽุง ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ู„ูŽู‚ููŠุชู: ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ู‚ููˆุฏูŽ ู†ูŽูู’ุณูŽู‡ู ููŽุญูŽุฏู‘ูŽุซูŽู†ููŠ ุญูŽุฏููŠุซูŽู‡ู ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ุฃูŽูƒูŽู„ู’ุช ุญูŽุฑููŠุฑู‹ุง ูููŠ ุฃูŽู‡ู’ู„ููŠ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฎูŽุฑูŽุฌู’ุชู ููŽุฃูŽุฎูŽุฐูŽู†ููŠ ู†ูŽููŽุฑูŒ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุฌูู†ู‘ู ููŽู…ูŽูƒูŽุซู’ุชู ูููŠู‡ูู…ู’ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุจูŽุฏูŽุง ู„ูŽู‡ูู…ู’ ูููŠ ุนูุชู’ู‚ููŠ ููŽุฃูŽุนู’ุชูŽู‚ููˆู†ููŠุŒ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฃูŽุชูŽูˆู’ุง ุจููŠ ู‚ูŽุฑููŠุจู‹ุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฏููŠู†ูŽุฉู ููŽู‚ูŽุงู„ููˆุง ุฃูŽุชูŽุนู’ุฑููู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฎู’ู„ูŽ ููŽู‚ูู„ู’ุชู: ู†ูŽุนูŽู…ู’ ููŽุฎูŽู„ู‘ููˆุง ุนูŽู†ู‘ููŠ ููŽุฌูุฆู’ุชูุŒ ููŽุฅูุฐูŽุง ุนูู…ูŽุฑู ุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุทู‘ูŽุงุจู – ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู – ู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุฃูŽุจูŽุงู†ูŽ ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชููŠ ุจูŽุนู’ุฏูŽ ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนู ุณูู†ููŠู†ูŽ ูˆูŽุญูŽุงุถูŽุชู’ ูˆูŽุงู†ู’ู‚ูŽุถูŽุชู’ ุนูุฏู‘ูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽุชู’ ููŽุฎูŽูŠู‘ูŽุฑูŽู†ููŠ ุนูู…ูŽุฑู – ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู – ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽุฑูุฏู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู‘ูŽ ูˆูŽุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู‡ู’ุฑู. ูˆูŽุฃูŽู‡ู’ู„ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏููŠุซู – ุฑูŽุญูู…ูŽู‡ูู…ู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู – ูŠูŽุฑูŽูˆู’ู†ูŽ ูููŠ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏููŠุซู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู‡ูŽู…ู‘ูŽ ุจูุชูŽุฃู’ุฏููŠุจูู‡ู ุญููŠู†ูŽ ุฑูŽุขู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฌูŽุนูŽู„ูŽ ูŠูŽู‚ููˆู„ู: ูŠูŽุบููŠุจู ุฃูŽุญูŽุฏููƒูู…ู’ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุชูู‡ู ู‡ูŽุฐูู‡ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุฏู‘ูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ุทู‘ูŽูˆููŠู„ูŽุฉูŽุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุจู’ุนูŽุซู ุจูุฎูŽุจูŽุฑูู‡ู ููŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ: ู„ูŽุง ุชูŽุนู’ุฌูŽู„ู’ ูŠูŽุง ุฃูŽู…ููŠุฑูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุคู’ู…ูู†ููŠู†ูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑูŽ ู„ูŽู‡ู ู‚ูุตู‘ูŽุชูŽู‡ู.

 

[5] Sarakhsi, Kitฤb al-Mabsoot, Kitฤb al-Mafqood, vol 11 p. 39-40

ูˆูŽู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏููŠุซู ุฏูŽู„ููŠู„ูŒ ู„ูŽู†ูŽุง ุฃูŽูŠู’ุถู‹ุง ููŽู†ูŽุชู‘ูŽุจูุนู ุงู„ู’ุขุซูŽุงุฑูŽุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ู†ูŽุดู’ุชูŽุบูู„ู ุจููƒูŽูŠู’ูููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽุŒ ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽ – ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู – ุฅู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ุฑูŽุฌูŽุนูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู ูููŠ ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ู‚ููˆุฏู ู„ูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ุชูŽุจูŽูŠู‘ูŽู†ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุญูŽุงู„ู ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฌูู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฃูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ุชูŽุฎู’ูŠููŠุฑูู‡ู ุฅูŠู‘ูŽุงู‡ู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ูŠูŽุฑูุฏู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู‡ู’ุฑู ููŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุจูู†ูŽุงุกูŒ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู…ูŽุฐู’ู‡ูŽุจู ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽ – ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู – ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ุฅุฐูŽุง ู†ูุนููŠูŽ ุฅู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ูŽุง ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุง ููŽุงุนู’ุชูŽุฏู‘ูŽุชู’ุŒ ูˆูŽุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽุชู’ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฃูŽุชูŽู‰ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ุญูŽูŠู‘ู‹ุง ุฅู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูŠูุฎูŽูŠู‘ูŽุฑู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูุฑูŽุฏู‘ูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู‡ู’ุฑูุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุตูŽุญู‘ูŽ ุฑูุฌููˆุนูู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ู ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู – ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู -ุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ูŠูŽู‚ููˆู„ู ุชูุฑูŽุฏู‘ู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽูŠูููŽุฑู‘ูŽู‚ู ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุขุฎูŽุฑูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู‡ู’ุฑู ุจูู…ูŽุง ุงุณู’ุชูŽุญูŽู„ู‘ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ููŽุฑู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽู‚ู’ุฑูŽุจูู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ุญูŽุชู‘ูŽู‰ ุชูŽู†ู’ู‚ูŽุถููŠูŽ ุนูุฏู‘ูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุขุฎูŽุฑู ูˆูŽุจูู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ูŠูŽุฃู’ุฎูุฐู ุฅุจู’ุฑูŽุงู‡ููŠู…ู – ุฑูŽุญูู…ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู – ููŽูŠูŽู‚ููˆู„ู: ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ู ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู – ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู – ุฃูŽุญูŽุจู‘ู ุฅู„ูŽูŠู‘ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ู ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽ – ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู -ุŒ ูˆูŽุจูู‡ู ู†ูŽุฃู’ุฎูุฐู ุฃูŽูŠู’ุถู‹ุงุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุชูŽุจูŽูŠู‘ูŽู†ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽุชู’ุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููŠูŽ ู…ูŽู†ู’ูƒููˆุญูŽุฉูŒ ูˆูŽู…ูŽู†ู’ูƒููˆุญูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽุชู’ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุญูŽู„ู‘ูŽู„ูŽุงุชู ุจูŽู„ู’ ู‡ููŠูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุญูŽุฑู‘ูŽู…ูŽุงุชู ูููŠ ุญูŽู‚ู‘ู ุณูŽุงุฆูุฑู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุงุณู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุชูŽุนูŽุงู„ูŽู‰: {ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูุญู’ุตูŽู†ูŽุงุชู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูุณูŽุงุกู} [ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก: 24] ููŽูƒูŽูŠู’ููŽ ูŠูŽุณู’ุชูŽู‚ููŠู…ู ุชูŽุฑู’ูƒูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูŽุนูŽ ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูุฐูŽุง ุงุฎู’ุชูŽุงุฑูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู‡ู’ุฑูŽุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽูƒูู†ู’ ูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ุงู„ู†ู‘ููƒูŽุงุญู ู…ูู†ู’ุนูŽู‚ูุฏู‹ุง ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽู‡ูู…ูŽุง ููŽูƒูŽูŠู’ููŽ ูŠูŽุณู’ุชูŽู‚ููŠู…ู ุฏูŽูู’ุนู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู‡ู’ุฑู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุจูŽุฏูŽู„ู ุจูุถู’ุนูู‡ูŽุง ููŽูŠูŽูƒููˆู† ู…ูŽู…ู’ู„ููˆูƒู‹ุง ู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุฏููˆู†ูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ู’ูƒููˆุญูŽุฉู ุฅุฐูŽุง ูˆูุทูุฆูŽุชู’ ุจูุดูุจู’ู‡ูŽุฉูุŒ ููŽุนูŽุฑูŽูู’ู†ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุญููŠุญูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽูƒูู†ู’ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽู‚ู’ุฑูŽุจูู‡ูŽุง ู„ููƒูŽูˆู’ู†ูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูุนู’ุชูŽุฏู‘ูŽุฉู‹ ู„ูุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูู‡ู ูƒูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ู’ูƒููˆุญูŽุฉู ุฅุฐูŽุง ูˆูุทูุฆูŽุชู’ ุจูุงู„ุดู‘ูุจู’ู‡ูŽุฉู. ูˆูŽุฐููƒูุฑูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูŽุจู’ุฏู ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุญู’ู…ูŽู†ู ุจู’ู†ู ุฃูŽุจููŠ ู„ูŽูŠู’ู„ูŽู‰ – ุฑูŽุญูู…ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู – ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุนูู…ูŽุฑูŽ – ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู – ุฑูŽุฌูŽุนูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุซูŽู„ูŽุงุซู ู‚ูŽุถููŠู‘ูŽุงุชู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ู ุนูŽู„ููŠู‘ู – ุฑูŽุถููŠูŽ ุงู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู -ุŒ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุจููŠ ูƒูŽู†ูŽููุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ู‚ููˆุฏู ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูู‡ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ุงู„ู‘ูŽุชููŠ ุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽุชู’ ูููŠ ุนูุฏู‘ูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง. ุฃูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง ุญููƒู’ู…ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูู’ู‚ููˆุฏู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูุนู’ุชูŽุฏู‘ูŽุฉู ููŽู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุจูŽูŠู‘ูŽู†ู‘ูŽุง.

 

[6] Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤb al-Talฤq, vol 5 p. 189

ู…ุทู„ุจ ูููŠ ุนุฏุฉ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽูˆู’ุช

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ูˆูŽูููŠ ุญูŽู‚ู‘ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงู…ูู„ู) ุฃูŽูŠู’ ู…ูู†ู’ ู†ููƒูŽุงุญู ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ููŽุงุณูุฏู‹ุงุŒ ููŽู„ูŽุง ุนูุฏู‘ูŽุฉูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงู…ูู„ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุฒูู†ู‹ุง ุฃูŽุตู’ู„ู‹ุง ุจูŽุญู’ุฑูŒ (ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ู…ูุทู’ู„ูŽู‚ู‹ุง) ุฃูŽูŠู’ ุณูŽูˆูŽุงุกู‹ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุทูŽู„ูŽุงู‚ูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูˆูŽููŽุงุฉูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู…ูุชูŽุงุฑูŽูƒูŽุฉูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ุจูุดูุจู’ู‡ูŽุฉู ู†ูŽู‡ู’ุฑูŒ

 

Fatawa Hindiyyah, Kitฤb al-Talฤq, vol 1, p. 554

ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุงุจู ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู„ูุซูŽ ุนูŽุดูŽุฑูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุนูุฏู‘ูŽุฉู

ูˆูŽุนูุฏู‘ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงู…ูู„ู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูŽุถูŽุนูŽ ุญูŽู…ู’ู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ูƒูŽุงูููŠ. ุณูŽูˆูŽุงุกูŒ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽุชู’ ุญูŽุงู…ูู„ู‹ุง ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชูŽ ูˆูุฌููˆุจู ุงู„ู’ุนูุฏู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุญูŽุจูู„ูŽุชู’ ุจูŽุนู’ุฏูŽ ุงู„ู’ูˆูุฌููˆุจู ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ููŽุชูŽุงูˆูŽู‰ ู‚ูŽุงุถููŠ ุฎูŽุงู†ู’. ูˆูŽุณูŽูˆูŽุงุกูŒ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽุชู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ุญูุฑู‘ูŽุฉู‹ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู…ูŽู…ู’ู„ููˆูƒูŽุฉู‹ ู‚ูู†ู‘ูŽุฉู‹ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู…ูุฏูŽุจู‘ูŽุฑูŽุฉู‹ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู…ููƒูŽุงุชูŽุจูŽุฉู‹ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฃูู…ู‘ูŽ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู…ูุณู’ุชูŽุณู’ุนูŽุงุฉู‹ ู…ูุณู’ู„ูู…ูŽุฉู‹ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูƒูุชูŽุงุจููŠู‘ูŽุฉู‹ ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุฏูŽุงุฆูุนู.

ูˆูŽุณูŽูˆูŽุงุกูŒ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽุชู’ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุทูŽู„ูŽุงู‚ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูˆูŽููŽุงุฉู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู…ูุชูŽุงุฑูŽูƒูŽุฉู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ุจูุดูุจู’ู‡ูŽุฉู ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู’ุฑู ุงู„ู’ููŽุงุฆูู‚ู. ูˆูŽุณูŽูˆูŽุงุกูŒ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู…ู’ู„ู ุซูŽุงุจูุชูŽ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุณูŽุจู ุฃูŽู…ู’ ู„ูŽุง ูˆูŽูŠูุชูŽุตูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฑู ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ูููŠู…ูŽู†ู’ ุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽ ุญูŽุงู…ูู„ู‹ุง ุจูุงู„ุฒู‘ูู†ูŽุง ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ุณู‘ูุฑูŽุงุฌู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู‡ู‘ูŽุงุฌู.

 

[7] Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤb al-Talฤq, Bab al-Iddat, vol 5 p. 247-248

ููŽุตู’ู„ูŒ ูููŠ ุซูุจููˆุชู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุณูŽุจู

(ุบูŽุงุจูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชูู‡ู ููŽุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽุชู’ ุจูุขุฎูŽุฑูŽ ูˆูŽูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏูŽุชู’ ุฃูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽุงุฏู‹ุง) ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฌูŽุงุกูŽ ุงู„ุฒู‘ูŽูˆู’ุฌู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู (ููŽุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽุงุฏู ู„ูู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฐู’ู‡ูŽุจู) ุงู„ู‘ูŽุฐููŠ ุฑูŽุฌูŽุนูŽ ุฅู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฅูู…ูŽุงู…ู ูˆูŽุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ููŽุชู’ูˆูŽู‰ ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงู†ููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฌูŽูˆู’ู‡ูŽุฑูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ูƒูŽุงูููŠ ูˆูŽุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูู‡ูŽุง. ูˆูŽูููŠ ุญูŽุงุดููŠูŽุฉู ุดูŽุฑู’ุญู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ูŽุงุฑู ู„ูุงุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู†ู’ุจูŽู„ููŠู‘ู. ูˆูŽุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ููŽุชู’ูˆูŽู‰ ุฅู†ู’ ุงุญู’ุชูŽู…ูŽู„ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงู„ูุŒ ู„ูŽูƒูู†ู’ ูููŠ ุขุฎูุฑู ุฏูŽุนู’ูˆูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽู…ู’ุนู ุญูŽูƒูŽู‰ ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูŽู‚ู’ูˆูŽุงู„ู ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุฃูŽูู’ุชูŽู‰ ุจูู…ูŽุง ุงุนู’ุชูŽู…ูŽุฏูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุตูŽู†ู‘ูููุŒ ูˆูŽุนูŽู„ู‘ูŽู„ูŽู‡ู ุงุจู’ู†ู ู…ูŽุงู„ููƒู ุจูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุณู’ุชูŽูู’ุฑูุดู ุญูŽู‚ููŠู‚ูŽุฉู‹ุŒ ููŽุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏู ู„ูู„ู’ููุฑูŽุงุดู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู‚ููŠู‚ููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ููŽุงุณูุฏู‹ุง ูˆูŽุชูŽู…ูŽุงู…ูู‡ู ูููŠู‡ู ููŽุฑูŽุงุฌูุนู’ู‡ู.

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ุบูŽุงุจูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงู…ู’ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชูู‡ู ุฅู„ูŽุฎู’) ุดูŽุงู…ูู„ูŒ ู„ูู…ูŽุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ุจูŽู„ูŽุบูŽู‡ูŽุง ู…ูŽูˆู’ุชูู‡ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุทูŽู„ูŽุงู‚ูู‡ู ููŽุงุนู’ุชูŽุฏู‘ูŽุชู’ ูˆูŽุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽุชู’ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุจูŽุงู†ูŽ ุฎูู„ูŽุงููู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูู…ูŽุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ุงุฏู‘ูŽุนูŽุชู’ ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ุซูู…ู‘ูŽ ุจูŽุงู†ูŽ ุฎูู„ูŽุงููู‡ู ุงู‡ู€ ุญ. (ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ูˆูŽูููŠ ุญูŽุงุดููŠูŽุฉู ุดูŽุฑู’ุญู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ูŽุงุฑู ุฅู„ูŽุฎู’) ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽุงุฑูุญู ูููŠ ุดูŽุฑู’ุญูู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ูŽุงุฑู: ู„ูŽูƒูู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุญููŠุญูŽ ู…ูŽุง ุฃูŽูˆู’ุฑูŽุฏูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุฌูุฑู’ุฌูŽุงู†ููŠู‘ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽุงุฏูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ุฅู†ู’ ุงุญู’ุชูŽู…ูŽู„ูŽู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฅูู…ูŽุงู…ูŽ ุฑูŽุฌูŽุนูŽ ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ููŽุชู’ูˆูŽู‰ ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุญูŽุงุดููŠูŽุฉู ุงุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู†ู’ุจูŽู„ููŠู‘ู ุนูŽู†ู’ [ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽุงู‚ูุนูŽุงุชู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุณู’ุฑูŽุงุฑู] ูˆูŽู†ูŽู‚ูŽู„ูŽู‡ู ุงุจู’ู†ู ู†ูุฌูŽูŠู’ู…ู ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงู„ุธู‘ูŽู‡ููŠุฑููŠู‘ูŽุฉู ุงู‡ู€ ูˆูŽุงุญู’ุชูู…ูŽุงู„ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงู„ู ุจูุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูŽู„ูุฏูŽู‡ู ู„ูุณูุชู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุดู’ู‡ูุฑู ููŽุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ุงู„ู†ู‘ููƒูŽุงุญู. (ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ุญูŽูƒูŽู‰ ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูŽู‚ู’ูˆูŽุงู„ู) ุญูŽุงุตูู„ู ุนูุจูŽุงุฑูŽุชูู‡ู ู…ูŽุนูŽ ุดูŽุฑู’ุญูู‡ู ู„ูุงุจู’ู†ู ู…ูŽุงู„ููƒู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽุงุฏูŽ ู„ูู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุญูŽู†ููŠููŽุฉูŽ ู…ูุทู’ู„ูŽู‚ู‹ุง: ุฃูŽูŠู’ ุณูŽูˆูŽุงุกูŒ ุฃูŽุชูŽุชู’ ุจูู‡ู ู„ูุฃูŽู‚ูŽู„ู‘ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุณูุชู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุดู’ู‡ูุฑูุŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ู„ูŽุงุŒ ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู†ููƒูŽุงุญูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฃููˆู„ูŽู‰ ุตูŽุญููŠุญูŒ ููŽุงุนู’ุชูุจูŽุงุฑูู‡ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽู‰. ูˆูŽูููŠ ุฑููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉู ู„ูู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ูˆูŽุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ููŽุชู’ูˆูŽู‰ ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏูŽ ู„ูู„ู’ููุฑูŽุงุดู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู‚ููŠู‚ููŠู‘ู ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ููŽุงุณูุฏู‹ุง. ูˆูŽุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ูŠููˆุณูููŽ ู„ูู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ุฅู†ู’ ุฃูŽุชูŽุชู’ ุจูู‡ู ู„ูุฃูŽู‚ูŽู„ู‘ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุณูุชู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุดู’ู‡ูุฑู ู…ูู†ู’ ุนูŽู‚ู’ุฏู ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ู„ูุชูŽูŠูŽู‚ู‘ูู†ู ุงู„ู’ุนูู„ููˆู‚ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ู„ูุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑูŽ ููŽู„ูู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ. ูˆูŽุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ู…ูุญูŽู…ู‘ูŽุฏู ู„ูู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ุฅู†ู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุจูŽูŠู’ู†ูŽ ูˆูŽุทู’ุกู ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ูˆูู„ูŽุงุฏูŽุฉู ุฃูŽู‚ูŽู„ู‘ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุณูŽู†ูŽุชูŽูŠู’ู†ูุŒ ููŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูู…ูŽุง ููŽู„ูู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ู„ูุชูŽูŠูŽู‚ู‘ูู†ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽูŠู’ุณูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ููƒูŽุงุญู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุญููŠุญู ู…ูŽุนูŽ ุงุญู’ุชูู…ูŽุงู„ู ุงู„ู’ุนูู„ููˆู‚ู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ู„ูŽู‰ ุจูุงู„ูุงุนู’ุชูุจูŽุงุฑูุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู‘ูŽู…ูŽุง ูˆูŽุถู’ุนู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุณู’ุฃูŽู„ูŽุฉู ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏู ุฅุฐู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ุชูุฑูŽุฏู‘ู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ุฅุฌู’ู…ูŽุงุนู‹ุง. ุงู‡ู€.

ู‚ูู„ู’ุช: ูˆูŽุธูŽุงู‡ูุฑูู‡ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู…ููู’ุชูŽู‰ ุจูู‡ู ูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏู ู„ูู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠ ู…ูุทู’ู„ูŽู‚ู‹ุง ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ุฌูŽุงุกูŽุชู’ ุจูู‡ู ู„ูุฃูŽู‚ูŽู„ู‘ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุณูุชู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุดู’ู‡ูุฑู ู…ูู†ู’ ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ุงู„ู’ุนูŽู‚ู’ุฏู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฏูู„ู‘ู ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุฐููƒู’ุฑู ุงู„ู’ุฅูุทู’ู„ูŽุงู‚ู ู‚ูŽุจู’ู„ูŽู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ูุงู‚ู’ุชูุตูŽุงุฑู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ุชู‘ูŽูู’ุตููŠู„ู ุจูŽุนู’ุฏูŽู‡ูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุฎูู„ูŽุงูู ู…ูŽุง ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽู‡ู ุงุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู†ู’ุจูŽู„ููŠู‘ูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ูˆูŽุฌู’ู‡ู ุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุฏู’ุฑูŽุงูƒู ู„ูŽูƒูู†ู’ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฎู’ููŽู‰ ู…ูŽุง ูููŠู‡ูุŒ ููŽู‚ูŽุฏู’ ุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑู’ู†ูŽุง ู‚ูŽุฑููŠุจู‹ุง ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู†ู’ูƒููˆุญูŽุฉูŽ ู„ูŽูˆู’ ูˆูŽู„ูŽุฏูŽุชู’ ู„ูุฏููˆู†ู ุณูุชู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุดู’ู‡ูุฑู ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุซู’ุจูุชู’ ู†ูŽุณูŽุจูู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌู ูˆูŽูŠูŽูู’ุณูุฏู ุงู„ู†ู‘ููƒูŽุงุญู ุฃูŽูŠู’ ู„ูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ุจูุฏู‘ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุชูŽุตูŽูˆู‘ูุฑู ุงู„ู’ุนูู„ููˆู‚ู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽูููŠู…ูŽุง ุฏููˆู†ูŽ ุณูุชู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุดู’ู‡ูุฑู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูุชูŽุตูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฑู ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุนู’ู„ูŽู…ู’ ุจูุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌู‹ุง ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูŽู‡ู ููŽูƒูŽูŠู’ููŽ ุฅุฐูŽุง ุธูŽู‡ูŽุฑูŽ ุฒูŽูˆู’ุฌูŒ ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูู‡ู ููŽู„ูŽุง ุดูŽูƒู‘ูŽ ูููŠ ุนูŽุฏูŽู…ู ุซูุจููˆุชูู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ุซู‘ูŽุงู†ููŠุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ูููŠ ุดูŽุฑู’ุญู ุฏูุฑูŽุฑู ุงู„ู’ุจูุญูŽุงุฑู: ุฅู†ู‘ูŽ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ู…ูุดู’ูƒูู„ูŒ ูููŠู…ูŽุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ุฃูŽุชูŽุชู’ ุจูู‡ู ู„ูุฃูŽู‚ูŽู„ู‘ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุณูุชู‘ูŽุฉู ุฃูŽุดู’ู‡ูุฑู ู…ูุฐู’ ุชูŽุฒูŽูˆู‘ูŽุฌูŽู‡ูŽุง. ุงู‡ู€.

ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุญูŽู‚ู‘ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฅูุทู’ู„ูŽุงู‚ูŽ ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑู ู…ูุฑูŽุงุฏู ูˆูŽุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงุจูŽ ู…ูŽุง ู†ูŽู‚ูŽู„ูŽู‡ู ุงุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู†ู’ุจูŽู„ููŠู‘ูุŒ ูˆูŽุจูู‡ู ูŠูŽุธู’ู‡ูŽุฑู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ู‡ูŽุฐูู‡ู ุงู„ุฑู‘ููˆูŽุงูŠูŽุฉูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุฅูู…ูŽุงู…ู ุงู„ู’ู…ููู’ุชูŽู‰ ุจูู‡ูŽุง ู‡ููŠูŽ ุงู„ู‘ูŽุชููŠ ุฃูŽุฎูŽุฐูŽ ุจูู‡ูŽุง ุฃูŽุจููˆ ูŠููˆุณูููŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ุจูุฏู‘ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุชูŽู‚ู’ูŠููŠุฏู ูƒูŽู„ูŽุงู…ู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุตูŽู†ู‘ููู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฌู’ู…ูŽุนู ุจูู…ูŽุง ู†ูŽู‚ูŽู„ูŽู‡ู ุงุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู†ู’ุจูŽู„ููŠู‘ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ูˆูŽุฌู’ู‡ูŽ ู„ูู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุฏู’ุฑูŽุงูƒู. ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุจูู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฌู’ู…ูŽุนูุŒ ูˆูŽุงูŽู„ู„ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุฃูŽุนู’ู„ูŽู…ู.