Does Fainting Break the Wudhu?

29th January 2024

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ย ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ ุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡

Question: If a person constantly faints during the day (at least twice a day) and one day ends up fainting whilst performing Salฤh, then must the Salฤh only be repeated or the wudhu as well?

 

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุญุงู…ุฏุงู‹ ูˆ ู…ุตู„ูŠุงู‹

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your query in question yes wudu will also need repeating like Salฤh as fainting is one of the factors that invalidates the wudhu, even if it is for a short moment. If one faints and loses consciousness even for a moment then the wudhu also breaks. This is because a person will be unaware if anything comes out of him, it is likened to a person in deep sleep who does not know what state he is in.[1]

 

Allฤh Knows Best

 

Written by:ย  Apaย Sumayya Qaziย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย  Reviewed by:ย Muftiย Abdulย Waheed

Attested by:ย Shaykhย Muftiย Saifulย Islamย ย  ย  ย 

JKN Fatawa Department

ย 

 

[1] Durrul Mukhtฤr wa hashiyah Ibn ฤ€bideen Shฤmi, Kitฤb Tahฤrah, vol 1, p. 357

ู…ูŽุทู’ู„ูŽุจูŒ ู†ูŽูˆูŽุงู‚ูุถู ุงู„ู’ูˆูุถููˆุกู

(ูˆูŽ) ูŠูŽู†ู’ู‚ูุถูู‡ู (ุฅุบู’ู…ูŽุงุกูŒ) ูˆูŽู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุบูุดู’ูŠู (ูˆูŽุฌูู†ููˆู†ูŒ ูˆูŽุณููƒู’ุฑูŒ)

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ูˆูŽูŠูŽู†ู’ู‚ูุถูู‡ู ุฅุบู’ู…ูŽุงุกูŒ) ู‡ููˆูŽ ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ุชู‘ูŽุญู’ุฑููŠุฑู: ุขููŽุฉูŒ ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽู„ู’ุจู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู„ุฏู‘ูู…ูŽุงุบู ุชูุนูŽุทู‘ูู„ู ุงู„ู’ู‚ููˆูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุฏู’ุฑููƒูŽุฉูŽ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูุญูŽุฑู‘ููƒูŽุฉูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฃูŽูู’ุนูŽุงู„ูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูŽุนูŽ ุจูŽู‚ูŽุงุกู ุงู„ู’ุนูŽู‚ู’ู„ู ู…ูŽุบู’ู„ููˆุจู‹ุง (ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ูˆูŽู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุบูุดู’ูŠู) ุจูุงู„ุถู‘ูŽู…ู‘ู ูˆูŽุงู„ุณู‘ููƒููˆู†ู: ุชูŽุนูŽุทู‘ูู„ู ุงู„ู’ู‚ููˆูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุญูŽุฑู‘ููƒูŽุฉู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุญูŽุณู‘ูŽุงุณูŽุฉู ู„ูุถูŽุนู’ูู ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽู„ู’ุจู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุฌููˆุนู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุบูŽูŠู’ุฑูู‡ู ู‚ูู‡ูุณู’ุชูŽุงู†ููŠู‘ูŒ

 

Fatawa Hindiyyah, Kitฤb Tahฤrah, vol 1, p. 15

ุงู„ู’ููŽุตู’ู„ู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงู…ูุณู ูููŠ ู†ูŽูˆูŽุงู‚ูุถู ุงู„ู’ูˆูุถููˆุกู

(ูˆูŽู…ูู†ู’ู‡ูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุฅูุบู’ู…ูŽุงุกู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฌูู†ููˆู†ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุบูŽุดู’ูŠู ูˆูŽุงู„ุณู‘ููƒู’ุฑู) ุงู„ู’ุฅูุบู’ู…ูŽุงุกู ูŠูŽู†ู’ู‚ูุถู ุงู„ู’ูˆูุถููˆุกูŽ ู‚ูŽู„ููŠู„ูู‡ู ูˆูŽูƒูŽุซููŠุฑูู‡ู ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุฌูู†ููˆู†ู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุบูŽุดู’ูŠู ูˆูŽุงู„ุณู‘ููƒู’ุฑู ูููŠ ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู’ุจูŽุงุจู ุฃูŽู†ู’ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุนู’ุฑูููŽ ุงู„ุฑู‘ูŽุฌูู„ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑู’ุฃูŽุฉู ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽ ุจูŽุนู’ุถู ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุดูŽุงูŠูุฎู ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ุงุฎู’ุชููŠูŽุงุฑู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุฏู’ุฑู ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽู‡ููŠุฏู ูˆูŽุงู„ุตู‘ูŽุญููŠุญู ู…ูŽุง ู†ูู‚ูู„ูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุดูŽู…ู’ุณู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุฆูู…ู‘ูŽุฉู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽู„ู’ูˆูŽุงู†ููŠู‘ู ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽู‡ู ุฅุฐูŽุง ุฏูŽุฎูŽู„ูŽ ูููŠ ุจูŽุนู’ุถู ู…ูุดู’ูŠูŽุชูู‡ู ุชูŽุญูŽุฑู‘ููƒูŒ ูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ูููŠ ุงู„ุฐู‘ูŽุฎููŠุฑูŽุฉู.

A Dialysis Patient and Wudhu

6th December 2023

ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ ุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡

Question: My question is regarding Salฤh during dialysis. I’m a dialysis patient of renal failure. I visit hospital 3 times a week for dialysis. On each visit I spend 4 hours or so on the dialysis machine and at times I miss a complete Salฤh or sometimes 2 Salฤhs. The dialysis tube is directly put through my neck, which connects to the machine. This way blood is constantly flowing out of the body, in to the dialysis machine and back into the body through a plastic tube, for 4 hours straight. My question is, is a person able to pray Salฤh whilst connected to the machine, since blood is being released from the body. Is the personโ€™s wudhu still valid whilst dialysing or not?

 

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุญุงู…ุฏุงู‹ ูˆ ู…ุตู„ูŠุงู‹

In the name of Allฤh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

May Allฤh Almighty grant you quick and permanent recovery. In reference to your question when the blood has left the body and is flowing, it will break the wudhu. [1] Though the blood is returning to your body, it is still leaving the body before returning and therefore, Salฤh in your condition will not be valid as your wudhu has been nullified.

If you remain in this state for an entire Salฤh period for example, the dialysis begins at 11am and finishes at 3pm and it is winter season, and that would mean you would miss Zuhr entirely, then you will be considered maโ€™zoor (excused).[2] A mazoor is that person who due to the constant discharge of blood and impurity is unable to make wudhu and perform the fardh Salฤh in its time period. When this happens for one complete Salฤh time then they are now classed as maโ€™zoor. They are given the dispensation to perform wudhu once and pray Salฤh despite the continuous flow of blood even if it happened just once after the initial time round, provided that no other unexcused factor that breaks the wudhu occurs (for which they must repeat the wudhu). They must renew their wudhu for the next fardh Salฤh.[3]

To summarise in your case, the blood exiting and then re-entering back into your body breaks the wudhu. If a complete Salฤh time period passes during your dialysis then you can act upon the ruling of a maโ€™zoor person as described above. After coming off the dialysis machine and removing the tubes then the ruling of maโ€™zoor is uplifted (i.e. no longer applies).

 

[Allฤh Knows Best]

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Written by:ย  Maulana Hafiz Mahmud Aliย ย ย ย ย ย ย  Reviewed by:ย Muftiย Abdulย Waheed

Attested by:ย Shaykhย Muftiย Saifulย Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

 

[1] Ibn al mawdood Al Musili, Al-Ikhtiyaar Li taleel al-mukhtaar, vol 1 p. 13

ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุตู„ุงุฉ ูˆุงู„ุณู„ุงู…: ุงู„ูˆุถูˆุก ู…ู† ูƒู„ ุฏู… ุณุงุฆู„ ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุตู„ุงุฉ ูˆุงู„ุณู„ุงู…: ู…ู† ู‚ุงุก ุฃูˆ ุฑุนู ููŠ ุตู„ุงุชู‡ ูู„ูŠู†ุตุฑู ูˆู„ูŠุชูˆุถุฃ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ูˆู‚ุงู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุตู„ุงุฉ ูˆุงู„ุณู„ุงู…: ูŠุนุงุฏ ุงู„ูˆุถูˆุก ู…ู† ุณุจุน ูˆุนุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠุก ู…ู„ุก ุงู„ูู… ูˆุงู„ุฏู… ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ ูˆุงู„ู‚ู‡ู‚ู‡ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู†ูˆู… ูˆูŠุดุชุฑุท ุงู„ุณูŠู„ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุณุจูŠู„ูŠู† ู„ุฃู† ุชุญุช ูƒู„ ุฌู„ุฏุฉ ุฏู…ุง ูˆุฑุทูˆุจุฉ ูู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠุณู„ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุงุฏูŠุง ู„ุง ุฎุงุฑุฌุง ุจุฎู„ุงู ุงู„ุณุจูŠู„ูŠู†

 

[2] (ุซูู…ูŽู‘ ุฅูู†ูŽู‘ ุงู„ุญูŽุฏูŽุซูŽ ุฅูู†ู ุงุณู’ุชูŽูˆู’ุนูŽุจูŽ) ูˆูŽู„ูŽูˆู’ ุญููƒูู…ุงู‹ (ูก) (ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชูŽ ุตูŽู„ุงุฉู) ู…ูŽูู’ุฑููˆุถูŽุฉู (ูข) (ุจูุฃูŽู†ู’ ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠููˆุฌูŽุฏู’ ูููŠู‡ู ุฒูŽู…ูŽุงู†ูŒ ุฎูŽุงู„ู ุนูŽู†ู’ู‡ู ูŠูŽุณูŽุนู ุงู„ูˆูุถููˆุกูŽ ูˆูŽุงู„ุตูŽู‘ู„ุงุฉูŽุŒ ูŠูุณูŽู…ูŽู‘ู‰ ุนูุฐู’ุฑุงู‹ุŒ ูˆูŽุตูŽุงุญูุจูู‡ู) ูŠูุณูŽู…ูŽู‘ู‰ (ู…ูŽุนู’ุฐููˆุฑุงู‹ุŒ ูˆูŽ) ูŠูุณูŽู…ูŽู‘ู‰ ุฃูŽูŠู’ุถุงู‹ (ุตุงุญูุจูŽ ุงู„ุนูุฐู’ุฑู) ยซู‡ูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ุฐูŽูƒูŽุฑูŽ ูููŠ “ุงู„ูƒูŽุงูููŠ”. ูˆูŽู†ูŽู‚ูŽู„ูŽ ุงู„ุฒูŽู‘ูŠู’ู„ูŽุนููŠูู‘ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุนูุฏูŽู‘ุฉู ูƒูุชูุจู ุดูŽุฑู’ุทูŽ ุงุณู’ุชููŠุนูŽุงุจู ุงู„ูˆูŽู‚ุชู ูƒูู„ูู‘ู‡ูุŒ ุซูู…ูŽู‘ ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ (ูฃ): ยซู‡ููˆูŽ ุงู„ุฃูŽุธู’ู‡ูŽุฑูยป.

ุต288 – ูƒุชุงุจ ุฐุฎุฑ ุงู„ู…ุชุฃู‡ู„ูŠู† ูˆุงู„ู†ุณุงุก ู„ู„ุฅู…ุงู… ุงู„ุจุฑูƒูˆูŠ – ุฃุญูƒุงู… ุงู„ู…ุนุฐูˆุฑ

 

[3]Ibn สฟฤ€bidฤซn, Radd al-Muแธฅtฤr, Kitฤb al-แนฌahฤrah, Bฤb al-แธคayแธ, Vol. 1, p. 305

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ูˆูŽุตูŽุงุญูุจู ุนูุฐู’ุฑู) ุฎูŽุจูŽุฑูŒ ู…ูู‚ูŽุฏูŽู‘ู…ูŒุŒ ูˆูŽู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ู…ูŽู†ู’ ุจูู‡ู ุณูŽู„ูŽุณู ุจูŽูˆู’ู„ู ู…ูุจู’ุชูŽุฏูŽุฃูŒ ู…ูุคูŽุฎูŽู‘ุฑูŒุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ูŽู‘ู‡ู ู…ูŽุนู’ุฑูููŽุฉูŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆูŽู‘ู„ู ู†ูŽูƒูุฑูŽุฉูŒ ููŽุงูู’ู‡ูŽู…ู’. ู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู†ูŽู‘ู‡ู’ุฑู: ู‚ููŠู„ูŽ ุงู„ุณูŽู‘ู„ูŽุณู ุจูููŽุชู’ุญู ุงู„ู„ูŽู‘ุงู…ู ู†ูŽูู’ุณู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌูุŒ ูˆูŽุจููƒูŽุณู’ุฑูู‡ูŽุง ู…ูŽู†ู’ ุจูู‡ู ู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุฑูŽุถู (ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ู„ูŽุง ูŠูู…ู’ูƒูู†ูู‡ู ุฅู…ู’ุณูŽุงูƒูู‡ู) ุฃูŽู…ูŽู‘ุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ุฃูŽู…ู’ูƒูŽู†ูŽู‡ู ุฎูŽุฑูŽุฌูŽ ุนูŽู†ู’ ูƒูŽูˆู’ู†ูู‡ู ุตูŽุงุญูุจูŽ ุนูุฐู’ุฑู ูƒูŽู…ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฃู’ุชููŠ ุท. (ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุณู’ุชูุทู’ู„ูŽุงู‚ู ุจูŽุทู’ู†ู) ุฃูŽูŠู’: ุฌูŽุฑูŽูŠูŽุงู†ู ู…ูŽุง ูููŠู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุบูŽุงุฆูุทู (ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู†ู’ููู„ูŽุงุชู ุฑููŠุญู) ู‡ููˆูŽ ู…ูŽู†ู’ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽู…ู’ู„ููƒู ุฌูŽู…ู’ุนูŽ ู…ูŽู‚ู’ุนูŽุฏูŽุชูู‡ู ู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุฑู’ุฎูŽุงุกู ูููŠู‡ูŽุง ู†ูŽู‡ู’ุฑูŒ (ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุจูุนูŽูŠู’ู†ูู‡ู ุฑูŽู…ูŽุฏูŒ) ุฃูŽูŠู’: ูˆูŽูŠูŽุณููŠู„ู ู…ูู†ู’ู‡ู ุงู„ุฏูŽู‘ู…ู’ุนูุŒ ูˆูŽู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูู‚ูŽูŠูŽู‘ุฏู’ ุจูุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ูŽู‘ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุบูŽุงู„ูุจู (ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุนูŽู…ูŽุดูŒ) ุถูŽุนู’ูู ุงู„ุฑูู‘ุคู’ูŠูŽุฉู ู…ูŽุนูŽ ุณูŽูŠูŽู„ูŽุงู†ู ุงู„ุฏูŽู‘ู…ู’ุนู ูููŠ ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽูˆู’ู‚ูŽุงุชู ุญ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ู‚ูŽุงู…ููˆุณู

 

Ibn Nujaym, Baแธฅr al-Rฤสพiq, Kitฤb al-แนฌahฤrah, Bฤb al-แธคayแธ, Vol. 1, p. 226

(ู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู: ูˆูŽุชูŽุชูŽูˆูŽุถูŽู‘ุฃู ุงู„ู’ู…ูุณู’ุชูŽุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู…ูŽู†ู’ ุจูู‡ู ุณูŽู„ูŽุณู ุจูŽูˆู’ู„ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงุณู’ุชูุทู’ู„ูŽุงู‚ู ุจูŽุทู’ู†ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุงู†ู’ููู„ูŽุงุชู ุฑููŠุญู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฑูุนูŽุงููŒ ุฏูŽุงุฆูู…ูŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฌูุฑู’ุญูŒ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฑู’ู‚ูŽุฃู ู„ููˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ูƒูู„ูู‘ ููŽุฑู’ุถู) ู„ูŽู…ูŽู‘ุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽูŠู’ุถู ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑูŽ ูˆูู‚ููˆุนู‹ุง ู‚ูŽุฏูŽู‘ู…ูŽู‡ูุŒ ุซูู…ูŽู‘ ุฃูŽุนู’ู‚ูŽุจูŽู‡ู ุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉูŽุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ูŽู‘ู‡ู ุฃูŽูƒู’ุซูŽุฑู ูˆูู‚ููˆุนู‹ุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู†ูู‘ููŽุงุณู ููŽุฅูู†ูŽู‘ู‡ูŽุง ุชูŽูƒููˆู†ู ู…ูุณู’ุชูŽุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉู‹ ุจูู…ูŽุง ุฅุฐูŽุง ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชู’ ุงู„ุฏูŽู‘ู…ูŽ ุญูŽุงู„ูŽุฉูŽ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุจูŽู„ู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฒูŽุงุฏูŽ ุงู„ุฏูŽู‘ู…ู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุดูŽุฑูŽุฉู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฒูŽุงุฏูŽ ุงู„ุฏูŽู‘ู…ู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุนูŽุงุฏูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽุฌูŽุงูˆูŽุฒูŽ ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุดูŽุฑูŽุฉูŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชู’ ู…ูŽุง ุฏููˆู†ูŽ ุงู„ุซูŽู‘ู„ูŽุงุซู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชู’ ู‚ูŽุจู’ู„ูŽ ุชูŽู…ูŽุงู…ู ุงู„ุทูู‘ู‡ู’ุฑู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฑูŽุฃูŽุชู’ ู‚ูŽุจู’ู„ูŽ ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูŽุจู’ู„ูุบูŽ ุชูุณู’ุนูŽ ุณูู†ููŠู†ูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ู…ูŽุง ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุนูŽุงู…ูŽู‘ุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ู…ูู†ู’ ุฃูŽุณู’ุจูŽุงุจู ุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉู ุฅุฐูŽุง ุฒูŽุงุฏูŽ ุงู„ุฏูŽู‘ู…ู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนููŠู†ูŽ ูููŠ ุงู„ู†ูู‘ููŽุงุณู ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฒูŽุงุฏูŽ ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุนูŽุงุฏูŽุชูู‡ูŽุง ูˆูŽุฌูŽุงูˆูŽุฒูŽ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุฑู’ุจูŽุนููŠู†ูŽ ูˆูŽูƒูŽุฐูŽุง ู…ูŽุง ุชูŽุฑูŽุงู‡ู ุงู„ู’ุขูŠูุณูŽุฉู ุจูุฎูู„ูŽุงูู ุงู„ู†ูู‘ููŽุงุณู ููŽุฅูู†ูŽู‘ ุณูŽุจูŽุจูŽู‡ู ุดูŽูŠู’ุกูŒ ูˆูŽุงุญูุฏูŒ ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุฏูŽู‘ู…ูŽ ุญููƒู’ู…ูŽ ุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉู ูˆูŽู…ูŽู†ู’ ุจูู…ูŽุนู’ู†ูŽุงู‡ูŽุง ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุชูŽูู’ุฑููŠุนูู‡ูŽุงุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ูŽู‘ ุงู„ู’ู…ูŽู‚ู’ุตููˆุฏูŽ ุจูŽูŠูŽุงู†ู ุงู„ู’ุญููƒู’ู…ู ูˆูŽุฏูŽู…ู ุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉู ุงุณู’ู…ูŒ ู„ูุฏูŽู…ู ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ููŽุฑู’ุฌู ุฏููˆู†ูŽ ุงู„ุฑูŽู‘ุญูู…ู ูˆูŽุนูŽู„ูŽุงู…ูŽุชูู‡ู ุฃูŽู†ูŽู‘ู‡ู ู„ูŽุง ุฑูŽุงุฆูุญูŽุฉูŽ ู„ูŽู‡ู ูˆูŽุฏูŽู…ู ุงู„ู’ุญูŽูŠู’ุถู ู…ูู†ู’ุชูู†ู ุงู„ุฑูŽู‘ุงุฆูุญูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽู…ูŽู†ู’ ุจูู‡ู ุณูŽู„ูŽุณู ุจูŽูˆู’ู„ู ูˆูŽู‡ููˆูŽ ู…ูŽู†ู’ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽู‚ู’ุฏูุฑู ุนูŽู„ูŽู‰ ุฅู…ู’ุณูŽุงูƒูู‡ู ูˆูŽุงู„ุฑูู‘ุนูŽุงูู ุงู„ุฏูŽู‘ู…ู ุงู„ู’ุฎูŽุงุฑูุฌู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽู†ู’ูู ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ุฌูุฑู’ุญู ุงู„ูŽู‘ุฐููŠ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุฑู’ู‚ูŽุฃู ุฃูŽูŠู’ ุงู„ูŽู‘ุฐููŠ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽุณู’ูƒูู†ู ุฏูŽู…ูู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุฑูŽู‚ูŽุฃูŽ ุงู„ุฏูŽู‘ู…ู ุณูŽูƒูŽู†ูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ูŽู‘ู…ูŽุง ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ูˆูุถููˆุกูู‡ูŽุง ู„ููˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ูƒูู„ูู‘ ููŽุฑู’ุถู ู„ูŽุง ู„ููƒูู„ูู‘ ุตูŽู„ูŽุงุฉู ู„ูู‚ูŽูˆู’ู„ูู‡ู – ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ุงู„ุตูŽู‘ู„ูŽุงุฉู ูˆูŽุงู„ุณูŽู‘ู„ูŽุงู…ู – ยซุงู„ู’ู…ูุณู’ุชูŽุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉู ุชูŽุชูŽูˆูŽุถูŽู‘ุฃู ู„ููˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ูƒูู„ูู‘ ุตูŽู„ูŽุงุฉูยป ุฑูŽูˆูŽุงู‡ู ุณูุจู’ุทู ุจู’ู†ู ุงู„ู’ุฌูŽูˆู’ุฒููŠูู‘ ุนูŽู†ู’ ุฃูŽุจููŠ ุญูŽู†ููŠููŽุฉูŽ ูˆูŽุญูŽุฏููŠุซู ยซุชูŽูˆูŽุถูŽู‘ุฆููŠ ู„ููƒูู„ูู‘ ุตูŽู„ูŽุงุฉูยป ู…ูŽุญู’ู…ููˆู„ูŒ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ูุ› ู„ูุฃูŽู†ูŽู‘ ุงู„ู„ูŽู‘ุงู…ูŽ ู„ูู„ู’ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ูˆูŽูููŠ ุงู„ู’ููŽุชูŽุงูˆูŽู‰ ุงู„ุธูŽู‘ู‡ููŠุฑููŠูŽู‘ุฉู ุฑูŽุฌูู„ูŒ ุฑูŽุนูŽููŽ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุณูŽุงู„ูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุฌูุฑู’ุญูู‡ู ุฏูŽู…ูŒ ูŠูŽู†ู’ุชูŽุธูุฑู ุขุฎูุฑูŽ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ุฅู†ู’ ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽู†ู’ู‚ูŽุทูุนู’ ุงู„ุฏูŽู‘ู…ู ุชูŽูˆูŽุถูŽู‘ุฃูŽ ูˆูŽุตูŽู„ูŽู‘ู‰ ู‚ูŽุจู’ู„ูŽ ุฎูุฑููˆุฌู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชูุŒ ููŽุฅูู†ู’ ุชูŽูˆูŽุถูŽู‘ุฃูŽ ูˆูŽุตูŽู„ูŽู‘ู‰ ุซูู…ูŽู‘ ุฎูŽุฑูŽุฌูŽ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ูˆูŽุฏูŽุฎูŽู„ูŽ ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ุตูŽู„ูŽุงุฉู ุฃูุฎู’ุฑูŽู‰ ูˆูŽุงู†ู’ู‚ูŽุทูŽุนูŽ ุงู„ุฏูŽู‘ู…ู ูˆูŽุฏูŽุงู…ูŽ ุงู„ูุงู†ู’ู‚ูุทูŽุงุนู ุฅู„ูŽู‰ ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ุตูŽู„ูŽุงุฉู ุฃูุฎู’ุฑูŽู‰ ุชูŽูˆูŽุถูŽู‘ุฃูŽ ูˆูŽุฃูŽุนูŽุงุฏูŽ ุงู„ุตูŽู‘ู„ูŽุงุฉูŽุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽู†ู’ู‚ูŽุทูุนู’ ูููŠ ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ุงู„ุตูŽู‘ู„ูŽุงุฉู ุงู„ุซูŽู‘ุงู†ููŠูŽุฉู ุญูŽุชูŽู‘ู‰ ุฎูŽุฑูŽุฌูŽ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ุฌูŽุงุฒูŽุชู’ ุงู„ุตูŽู‘ู„ูŽุงุฉู. ุงู‡ู€.

 

Kฤsฤnฤซ, Badฤสพiสฟ al-แนขanฤสพiสฟ, Kitฤb al-แนฌahฤrah, Bฤb al-แธคayแธ, Vol. 1, p. 27

(ูˆูŽุฃูŽู…ู‘ูŽุง) ุฃูŽุตู’ุญูŽุงุจู ุงู„ู’ุฃูŽุนู’ุฐูŽุงุฑู ูƒูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูุณู’ุชูŽุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽุตูŽุงุญูุจู ุงู„ู’ุฌูุฑู’ุญู ุงู„ุณู‘ูŽุงุฆูู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู’ู…ูŽุจู’ุทููˆู†ู ูˆูŽู…ูŽู†ู’ ุจูู‡ู ุณูŽู„ูŽุณู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽูˆู’ู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽู…ูŽู†ู’ ุจูู‡ู ุฑูุนูŽุงููŒ ุฏูŽุงุฆูู…ูŒ ุฃูŽูˆู’ ุฑููŠุญูŒุŒ ูˆูŽู†ูŽุญู’ูˆู ุฐูŽู„ููƒูŽ ู…ูู…ู‘ูŽู†ู’ ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽู…ู’ุถููŠ ุนูŽู„ูŽูŠู’ู‡ู ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชูุตูŽู„ูŽุงุฉู ุฅู„ู‘ูŽุงุŒ ูˆูŽูŠููˆุฌูŽุฏู ู…ูŽุง ุงูุจู’ุชูู„ููŠูŽ ุจูู‡ู ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุฏูŽุซู ูููŠู‡ู ููŽุฎูุฑููˆุฌู ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽุฌูŽุณู ู…ูู†ู’ ู‡ูŽุคูู„ูŽุงุกู ู„ูŽุง ูŠูŽูƒููˆู†ู ุญูŽุฏูŽุซู‹ุง ูููŠ ุงู„ู’ุญูŽุงู„ู ู…ูŽุง ุฏูŽุงู…ูŽ ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ุงู„ุตู‘ูŽู„ูŽุงุฉู ู‚ูŽุงุฆูู…ู‹ุงุŒ ุญูŽุชู‘ูŽู‰ ุฃูŽู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู’ู…ูุณู’ุชูŽุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉูŽ ู„ูŽูˆู’ ุชูŽูˆูŽุถู‘ูŽุฃูŽุชู’ ูููŠ ุฃูŽูˆู‘ูŽู„ู ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชู ููŽู„ูŽู‡ูŽุง ุฃูŽู†ู’ ุชูุตูŽู„ู‘ููŠูŽ ู…ูŽุง ุดูŽุงุกูŽุชู’ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู’ููŽุฑูŽุงุฆูุถูุŒ ูˆูŽุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงููู„ู ู…ูŽุง ู„ูŽู…ู’ ูŠูŽุฎู’ุฑูุฌู’ ุงู„ู’ูˆูŽู‚ู’ุชูุŒ ูˆูŽุฅูู†ู’ ุฏูŽุงู…ูŽ ุงู„ุณู‘ูŽูŠูŽู„ูŽุงู†ูุŒ ูˆูŽู‡ูŽุฐูŽุง ุนูู†ู’ุฏูŽู†ูŽุง ูˆูŽู‚ูŽุงู„ูŽ ุงู„ุดู‘ูŽุงููุนููŠู‘ู ุฅู†ู’ ูƒูŽุงู†ูŽ ุงู„ู’ุนูุฐู’ุฑู ู…ูู†ู’ ุฃูŽุญูŽุฏู ุงู„ุณู‘ูŽุจููŠู„ูŽูŠู’ู†ู ูƒูŽุงู„ูุงุณู’ุชูุญูŽุงุถูŽุฉูุŒ ูˆูŽุณูŽู„ูŽุณู ุงู„ู’ุจูŽูˆู’ู„ูุŒ ูˆูŽุฎูุฑููˆุฌู ุงู„ุฑู‘ููŠุญู ูŠูŽุชูŽูˆูŽุถู‘ูŽุฃู ู„ููƒูู„ู‘ู ููŽุฑู’ุถูุŒ ูˆูŽูŠูุตูŽู„ู‘ููŠ ู…ูŽุง ุดูŽุงุกูŽ ู…ูู†ู’ ุงู„ู†ู‘ูŽูˆูŽุงููู„ู.

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