5th August 2017
السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته
Question: A particular individual told me that those people whilst in Makkah intend to perform second Umrah make a mistake by going to the Masjid A’isha to adorn their Ihram as this is not a designated Meeqat. The Messenger of Allāh sallallahu alayhi wasallam sending Sayyidah A’isha radhiyallahu anha with her brother Abdur Rahman ibn Abu Bakr radhiyallahu anhu was an exception for her only. Her brother returning to Makkah without Ihram is evident of this. Please clarify this point.
الجواب حامداً و مصلياً
In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer
In reference to your query, it is an error for someone to assume that Tan’eem – known as Masjid Ā’isha today, is not the meeqāt (designated boundary) for the people in Makkah who wish to perform Umrah. Tan’eem is approximately five miles away from Makkah Mukarramah. Historically, it has always been understood that Tan’eem falls within the boundaries of hill, outside of the Haram vicinity. This fact was never disputed among the mainstream classical jurists.
Imām Bukhāri rahimahullah relates an incident that during the farewell pilgrimage, when Sayyidah Ā’isha radhiyallahu anha started menstruating, the Messenger of Allāh sallallahu alayhi wasallam instructed her to perform all the acts of Hajj except for Tawāf (due to the prohibition of entering the Masjid in that state and the necessity of performing Tawāf in the state of purity). When she finished her menses and performed her Tawāf (most probably this was the Tawāf Ziyarat which is fardh) she requested the Messenger of Allāh sallallahu alayhi wasallam to allow her to perform Umrah. The Messenger of Allāh sallallahu alayhi wasallam sent her with her brother, Sayyidunā Abdur Rahman ibn Abi Bakr radhiyallahu anhu, to Tan’eem and there she adorned her Ihrām.[1] Ibn Hajar rahimahullah (as well as other scholars) in his commentary affirms that Tan’eem is the closest meeqāt for the people of Makkah and makes no reference of it being specific for her only.
“It is narrated from Tareeq Ibn Abi Mulayka who narrates from (Sayyidah) Ā’isha radhiyallahu anha in her incident mentioning that Tan’eem is the closest to us from the Haram from where I performed Umrah. He (Imām Tahāwi) states that it is established that the boundary for the people of Makkah is the ‘hill’ and that Tan’eem and others are all the same (within the vicinity of the ‘hill’).”[2]
Imām Nawāwi rahimahullah commenting under the above Hadeeth also confirms the above position,
“As for the meeqāt for a makki for Umrah then the closest of the ‘hill’ is the incident of (Sayyidah) Ā’isha radhiyallahu anha that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam instructed her during Umrah to travel to Tan’eem and adorn her Ihrām from there and Tan’eem is on the edge of the ‘hill’.[3]
Whilst scholars only differed with respect to the specific place of the hill vicinity in which tying one’s Ihram is superior, all agree that tying it in Tan’eem is permissible.[4] To conclude, it is permissible for a Makkah resident to tie his Ihram of Umrah from Tan’eem. In regards to her brother, not returning to Makkah in Ihram like her since he reached outside the boundaries of Haram, it could be argued that the exception was for him only as he acted as a facilitator for her.
[Allãh Knows Best]
Written by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed
Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam
JKN Fatawa Department
[1] Bukhāri No 1785
(قَوْلُهُ بَابُ عُمْرَةِ التَّنْعِيمِ)
جابِرِ بنِ عَبْدِ الله رَضِي الله تَعَالَى عَنْهُمَا قَالَ أهلَّ النبيُّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم هُوَ وأصْحَابُهُ بالحَجِّ ولَيْسَ مَعَ أحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ هَدْيٌ غَيرَ النبيِّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وطَلْحَةَ وقَدِمَ عَلِيٌّ مِنَ اليَمَنِ ومَعَهُ هَدْيٌ فَقَالَ أهْلَلْتُ بِمَا أهَلَّ بِهِ النبيُّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم فأمَرَ النبيُّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم أصْحَابَهُ أنْ يَجْعَلوهَا عُمْرَةً ويَطُوفوا ثُمَّ يُقَصِّرُوا ويَحِلُّوا إلاَّ مَنْ كانَ مَعَهُ الهَدُيُ فقالُوا ننْطَلِقُ إلَى مِنىً وذَكَرُ أحَدِنَا يَقْطُرُ مَنيُّا فبَلَغَ النبيَّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم فَقَالَ لَوِ اسْتَقْبَلْتُ مِنْ أمْرِي مَا اسْتَدْبَرْتُ مَا أهْدَيْتُ ولَوْلا أنَّ مَعِي الْهَدْي لأَحْلَلْتُ وحاضَتْ عائِشَةُ رَضِي الله تَعَالَى عَنْهَا فنَسَكَتِ المَنَاسِكَ كُلَّهَا غَيْرَ أنَّهَا لَمْ تَطُف بِالبَيْتِ فلَمَّا طَهُرَتْ طافَتْ بِالْبَيْتِ قالتْ يَا رسولَ الله تَنْطَلِقُونَ بِحَجَّةٍ وعُمْرَةٍ وأنْطَلِقُ بِحَجٍّ فأمرَ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمانِ بنَ أبِي بَكْرٍ أنْ يَخْرُجَ مَعَهَا إِلَى التَّنْعِيمَ فاعْتَمَرَتْ بَعْدَ الحَجِّ.
[2] Ibn Hajar Asqalāni, Fathul Bhari, Kitāb Umrah, Bāb Umrah Tan’eem, p. 765 vol 3
[3] Imām Nawāwi, Sharhu Nawāwi Bāb Mawaqeet Hajj pp. 84-8
[4] According to the Shafi’ee, tying Ihram from Ji’ranah is superior whilst the Hanafi and Hambali scholars view that Tan’eem is more virtuous. The Maliki scholars consider all the same assigning no specific virtuous to any one place. (See Dr Wahbah Zuhayli, Fiqhul Islami Wa adillatuhu p. 130 vol 3)