Taking Epilepsy Medication Whilst Fasting

15th April 2025

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question: Does taking Epilim (epilepsy medication) during fasting hours break the fast, considering that not taking it could lead to a seizure?

 

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Answer

Eplilim is a brand that serves the medication ‘sodium valproate’ to prevent seizures for epilepsy. A specialist doctor prescribes it, and it requires a second opinion from another specialist to show that there is no other suitable treatment. It comes as capsules, tablets and a liquid that you swallow. Sodium valproate can also be given by injection, but this is usually only done in hospital.[i]

If you have been prescribed this medication after consultation with specialist doctors and there is no other alternative, then suggest you adopt one of the following:

  1. First, you should see if you can take your medication during non-fasting hours to manage your condition, i.e. from the time of iftar to the time of sehrī.
  2. If it is not possible because you fear the increase of your illness based on past experience and/or you have sought advice from an experienced Muslim doctor, then it will not be possible for you to fast at the same time as taking the medication.[ii] Taking medication will nullify the fast, regardless of whether it is nutritional or not.[iii] The only exception is if you were given this by injection.[iv] If you must take the medication during fasting hours, it is advised to receive this via injection so that you are able to fast in Ramadhān.
  3. In the instance where you had to take the medication orally during fasting hours, then you must make up for the missed fasts later. Kaffarah will not be necessary.
  4. If your condition is so severe that you will not be able to make up the fast at any other time of the year and are not expected to gain the ability to make up the fasts till your death, then you may give fidyah (expiatory payment). If one became well enough to fast, then the fidyah one has given will be classed as voluntary and it will be necessary to make up the fast. Fidyah is the same amount as sadaqatul fitr.[v]

 

[Allāh Knows Best]

 

Written by:  Apa Zakiya Saeeda     Reviewed by: Mufti Abdul Waheed

Attested by: Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

[i] About sodium valproate – NHS

[ii] Hāshiyah ibn ‘Ābidīn, Kitāb as-Sawm, Vol 2, 421-423

فَصْلٌ فِي الْعَوَارِضِ الْمُبِيحَةِ لِعَدَمِ الصَّوْمِ وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ الْمُصَنِّفُ مِنْهَا خَمْسَةً وَبَقِيَ الْإِكْرَاهُ وَخَوْفُ هَلَاكٍ أَوْ نُقْصَانُ عَقْلٍ وَلَوْ بِعَطَشٍ أَوْ جُوعٍ شَدِيدٍ … (خَافَتْ بِغَلَبَةِ الظَّنِّ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا أَوْ وَلَدِهَا) وَقَيَّدَهُ الْبَهْنَسِيُّ تَبَعًا لِابْنِ الْكَمَالِ بِمَا إذَا تَعَيَّنَتْ لِلْإِرْضَاعِ (أَوْ مَرِيضٍ خَافَ الزِّيَادَةَ)   لِمَرَضِهِ وَصَحِيحٍ خَافَ الْمَرَضَ، وَخَادِمَةٍ خَافَتْ الضَّعْفَ بِغَلَبَةِ الظَّنِّ بِأَمَارَةٍ أَوْ تَجْرِبَةٍ أَوْ بِأَخْبَارِ طَبِيبٍ حَاذِقٍ مُسْلِمٍ مَسْتُورٍ وَأَفَادَ فِي النَّهْرَ تَبَعًا لِلْبَحْرِ جَوَازَ التَّطْبِيبَ بِالْكَافِرِ فِيمَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ إبْطَالُ عِبَادَةٍ…(وَقَضَوْا) لُزُومًا (مَا قَدَّرُوا بِلَا فِدْيَةٍ وَ) بِلَا (وَلَاءٍ)

(قَوْلُهُ   خَافَ الزِّيَادَةَ)   أَوْ إبْطَاءَ الْبُرْءِ أَوْ فَسَادَ عُضْوٍ بِحَرٍّ أَوْ وَجَعَ الْعَيْنِ أَوْ جِرَاحَةً أَوْ صُدَاعًا أَوْ غَيْرَهُ، وَمِثْلُهُ مَا إذَا كَانَ يُمَرِّضُ الْمَرْضَى قُهُسْتَانِيٌ ط أَيْ بِأَنْ يَعُولَهُمْ وَيَلْزَمَ مِنْ صَوْمِهِ ضَيَاعُهُمْ وَهَلَاكُهُمْ لِضَعْفِهِ عَنْ الْقِيَامِ بِهِمْ إذَا صَامَ (قَوْلُهُ وَصَحِيحٍ خَافَ الْمَرَضَ) أَيْ بِغَلَبَةِ الظَّنِّ كَمَا يَأْتِي، فَمَا فِي شَرْحِ الْمَجْمَعِ مِنْ أَنَّهُ لَا يُفْطِرُ مَحْمُولٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِالْخَوْفِ مُجَرَّدُ الْوَهْمِ كَمَا فِي الْبَحْرِ وَالشُّرُنْبَلاليّ

ط (قَوْلُهُ بِغَلَبَةِ الظَّنِّ) تُنَازِعُهُ خَافَ الَّذِي فِي الْمَتْنِ وَخَافَ وَخَافَتْ اللَّتَانِ فِي الشَّرْحِ ط (قَوْلُهُ بِأَمَارَةٍ) أَيْ عَلَامَةٍ (قَوْلُهُ أَوْ تَجْرِبَةٍ) وَلَوْ كَانَتْ مِنْ غَيْرِ الْمَرِيضِ عِنْدَ اتِّحَادِ الْمَرَضِ ط عَنْ أَبِي السُّعُودِ (قَوْلُهُ حَاذِقٍ) أَيْ لَهُ مَعْرِفَةٌ تَامَّةٌ فِي الطِّبِّ، فَلَا يَجُوزُ تَقْلِيدُ مَنْ لَهُ أَدْنَى مَعْرِفَةٍ فِيهِ ط

ح (قَوْلُهُ وَقَضَوْا) أَيْ مَنْ تَقَدَّمَ حَتَّى الْحَامِلُ وَالْمُرْضِعُ.

 

[iii] Hāshiyah ibn ‘Ābidīn, Kitāb as-Sawm, Vol 2, Page 409

 (أَوْ أَكَلَ أَوْ شَرِبَ غِذَاءً) بِكَسْرِ الْغَيْنِ وَبِالذَّالِ الْمُعْجَمَتَيْنِ وَالْمُدِّ مَا يَتَغَذَّى بِهِ (أَوْ دَوَاءً) مَا يُتَدَاوَى بِهِ وَالضَّابِطُ  وُصُولُ مَا فِيهِ صَلَاحُ بَدَنِهِ لِجَوْفِهِ

 

Hāshiyah ibn ‘Ābidīn, Kitāb as-Sawm, Vol 2, Page 409

 وَمُفَادُهُ أَنَّ اسْتِقْرَارَ الدَّاخِلِ فِي الْجَوْفِ  شَرْطٌ لِلْفَسَادِ بَدَائِعُ

 

[iv] Fatāwā Hindiyyah, Kitāb as-Sawm, Vol 1, Page 204

وَفِي دَوَاءِ الْجَائِفَةِ  وَالْآمَّةِ أَكْثَرُ الْمَشَايِخِ عَلَى أَنَّ الْعِبْرَةَ لِلْوُصُولِ إلَى الْجَوْفِ وَالدِّمَاغِ لَا لِكَوْنِهِ رَطْبًا أَوْ يَابِسًا حَتَّى إذَا عَلِمَ أَنَّ الْيَابِسَ وَصَلَ يُفْسِدُ صَوْمَهُ، وَلَوْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ الرَّطْبَ لَمْ يَصِلْ لَمْ يُفْسِدْ هَكَذَا فِي الْعِنَايَةِ، وَإِذَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَحَدَهُمَا، وَكَانَ الدَّوَاءُ رَطْبًا فَعِنْدَ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ – رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى – يُفْطِرُ لِلْوُصُولِ عَادَةٍ وَقَالَا لَا لِعَدَمِ الْعِلْمِ بِهِ فَلَا يُفْطِرُ بِالشَّكِّ، وَإِنْ كَانَ يَابِسًا فَلَا فِطْرَ اتِّفَاقًا هَكَذَا فِي فَتْحِ الْقَدِيرِ.

 

[v] Badā’i us Sanā’i, Kitāb as-Sawm, Vol 2, Page 105

وَأَمَّا وُجُوبُ الْفِدَاءِ: فَشَرْطُهُ الْعَجْزُ عَنْ  الْقَضَاءِ عَجْزًا لَا تُرْجَى مَعَهُ الْقُدْرَةُ فِي جَمِيعِ عُمْرِهِ فَلَا يَجِبُ إلَّا عَلَى الشَّيْخِ الْفَانِي، وَلَا فِدَاءَ عَلَى الْمَرِيضِ وَالْمُسَافِرِ وَلَا عَلَى الْحَامِلِ وَالْمُرْضِعِ وَكُلِّ مَنْ يُفْطِرُ لِعُذْرٍ تُرْجَى مَعَهُ الْقُدْرَةُ لِفَقْدِ شَرْطِهِ وَهُوَ الْعَجْزُ الْمُسْتَدَامُ، وَهَذَا لِأَنَّ الْفِدَاءَ خَلَفٌ عَنْ الْقَضَاءِ، وَالْقُدْرَةُ عَلَى الْأَصْلِ تَمْنَعُ الْمَصِيرَ إلَى الْخَلَفِ كَمَا فِي سَائِرِ الْأَخْلَافِ مَعَ أُصُولِهَا، وَلِهَذَا قُلْنَا: إنَّ الشَّيْخَ الْفَانِي إذَا فَدَى ثُمَّ قَدَرَ عَلَى الصَّوْمِ بَطَلَ الْفِدَاءُ.

Applying HRT Patches Whilst Fasting

                                           8th April 2025

 

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question: Can you inform me if HRT patches and gels are ok to apply on the skin when fasting or would it break my fast? first explain what the HRT patches are and why they are applied then explain the hukm.

 

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

“Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a treatment used to help menopause symptoms. It replaces the hormones oestrogen and progesterone, which fall to low levels as you approach the menopause… Oestrogen and progesterone are an essential part of period cycles, ovulation and pregnancy. They also keep your bones healthy. As you get older, the loss of these hormones can have a big effect on your body.” (NHS)[i]

HRT patches or gels are applied to the skin and release oestrogen and/or progesterone in a small amount continuously. For anything to break the fast, it must reach the stomach, throat or the intestines through a qualified passage such as the mouth, nose and back passage. The arm is not classed as a qualified passage because it does not give direct access to a person’s stomach and brain. Hence, if a person applies HRT patches or gels on their arm while fasting, their fast will not break.[ii]

 

[Allāh Knows Best]

 

 

Written by:  Apa Zakiya Saeeda     Reviewed by: Mufti Abdul Waheed

Attested by: Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

       

JKN Fatawa Department

 

[i]  Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), available at: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) – NHS (accessed 8th April 2025)

 

[ii] Fatāwā Hindiyyah, Kitāb as-Sawm, Vol 1, Page 204

 

وَفِي دَوَاءِ الْجَائِفَةِ  وَالْآمَّةِ أَكْثَرُ الْمَشَايِخِ عَلَى أَنَّ الْعِبْرَةَ لِلْوُصُولِ إلَى الْجَوْفِ وَالدِّمَاغِ لَا لِكَوْنِهِ رَطْبًا أَوْ يَابِسًا حَتَّى إذَا عَلِمَ أَنَّ الْيَابِسَ وَصَلَ يُفْسِدُ صَوْمَهُ، وَلَوْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ الرَّطْبَ لَمْ يَصِلْ لَمْ يُفْسِدْ هَكَذَا فِي الْعِنَايَةِ، وَإِذَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَحَدَهُمَا، وَكَانَ الدَّوَاءُ رَطْبًا فَعِنْدَ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ – رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى – يُفْطِرُ لِلْوُصُولِ عَادَةٍ وَقَالَا لَا لِعَدَمِ الْعِلْمِ بِهِ فَلَا يُفْطِرُ بِالشَّكِّ، وَإِنْ كَانَ يَابِسًا فَلَا فِطْرَ اتِّفَاقًا هَكَذَا فِي فَتْحِ الْقَدِيرِ.

 

Badā’i us Sanā’i, Kitāb as-Sawm, Vol 2, Page 105

 

وَالدَّاخِلُ مِنْ الْمَسَامِّ لَا يُنَافِي كَمَا لَوْ اغْتَسَلَ بِالْمَاءِ الْبَارِدِ…

(قَوْلُهُ وَلَوْ اكْتَحَلَ لَمْ يُفْطِرْ) سَوَاءٌ وَجَدَ طَعْمَهُ فِي حَلْقِهِ أَوْ لَا لِأَنَّ الْمَوْجُودَ فِي حَلْقِهِ أَثَرُهُ دَاخِلًا مِنْ الْمَسَامِّ وَالْمُفْطِرُ الدَّاخِلُ مِنْ الْمَنَافِذِ كَالْمُدْخَلِ وَالْمُخْرَجِ لَا مِنْ الْمَسَامِّ الَّذِي هُوَ خَلَلُ الْبَدَنِ لِلِاتِّفَاقِ فِيمَنْ شَرَعَ فِي الْمَاءِ يَجِدُ بَرْدَهُ فِي بَطْنِهِ وَلَا يُفْطِرُ. وَإِنَّمَا كَرِهَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ ذَلِكَ أَعْنِي الدُّخُولَ فِي الْمَاءِ وَالتَّلَفُّفَ بِالثَّوْبِ الْمَبْلُولِ لِمَا فِيهِ مِنْ إظْهَارِ الضَّجَرِ فِي إقَامَةِ الْعِبَادَةِ لَا لِأَنَّهُ قَرِيبٌ مِنْ الْإِفْطَارِ

 

 

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