Does Inheritance Law Apply to Unlawful Income?

4th December 2021

 

Question: Could you kindly clarify whether inheritance law applies to unlawful income or not? For instance, if my father passed away leaving his estate which was all earned through unlawful income then will his children inherit from the estate or not? Can it also be used to for other noble projects such as building a Masjid for him?

 

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In refence to your case, if you acknowledge that the inheritance money your father left behind was all from unlawful income through a profession that is unlawful for a Muslim then it will not be Halal to inherit that money. There are severe warnings against earning unlawful income. The entire wealth must be disposed of by giving it away to the most-needy people without the intention of reward.[1] That is the standard ruling because a Muslim is not allowed to utilize nor profit from unlawful wealth.

As for your point about using the money to build a Masjid in your father’s name then if the inheritance money was unlawful in the beginning, then utilising it for a noble and sacred purpose will not be permitted also. The above ruling of giving it away towards the most-needy is necessary.[2] Allāh Almighty only accepts pure earnings spent towards a noble and charitable cause. Allāh states in the Quran, “O Believers! Spend from the pure earnings that you have earned and (also give into charity) from that which we have germinated for you from the land.”[3] The Messenger of Allāh sallallahu alayhi wasallam said in a lengthy report, “Verily Allāh is pure and does not accept but pure”[4]

In the case where you wish for your father to receive the reward of continuous charity after his death, then this can be attained in many ways for instance, donating some money from your personal earnings towards a masjid, towards the poor or towards an Islamic institute in his name. If you still wish to build a Masjid for him then you may request family members and friends for some charitable donations for a Masjid project in his name. Even this method can fulfil the purpose.

 

 [Allãh Knows Best]

 

 

Written and researched by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

 

[1] Fatawa Hindiyyah, Kitāb al-Karāhiyyah, vol 5, p. 429

الْبَابُ الْخَامِسَ عَشَرَ فِي الْكَسْبِ

وَإِذَا مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ وَكَسْبُهُ خَبِيثٌ فَالْأَوْلَى لِوَرَثَتِهِ أَنْ يَرُدُّوا الْمَالَ إلَى أَرْبَابِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوا أَرْبَابَهُ تَصَدَّقُوا بِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ كَسْبُهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحِلُّ وَابْنُهُ يَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ وَمَاتَ الْأَبُ وَلَا يَعْلَمُ الِابْنُ ذَلِكَ بِعَيْنِهِ فَهُوَ حَلَالٌ لَهُ فِي الشَّرْعِ وَالْوَرَعُ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ بِنِيَّةِ خُصَمَاءِ أَبِيهِ كَذَا فِي الْيَنَابِيعِ.

 

Durrul Mukhtār wa hashiyah Ibn Ābideen Shāmi, Kitābul Buyu, Bāb Bai’ al-Fasid, vol 7 p. 301-2

مَطْلَبٌ فِيمَنْ وَرِثَ مَالًا حَرَامًا

(قَوْلُهُ إلَّا فِي حَقِّ الْوَارِثِ إلَخْ) أَيْ فَإِنَّهُ إذَا عَلِمَ أَنَّ كَسْبَ مُوَرِّثِهِ حَرَامٌ يَحِلُّ لَهُ، لَكِنْ إذَا عَلِمَ الْمَالِكَ بِعَيْنِهِ فَلَا شَكَّ فِي حُرْمَتِهِ وَوُجُوبِ رَدِّهِ عَلَيْهِ، وَهَذَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ وَقَيَّدَهُ فِي الظَّهِيرِيَّةِ إلَخْ، وَفِي مُنْيَةِ الْمُفْتِي: مَاتَ رَجُلٌ وَيَعْلَمُ الْوَارِثُ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ كَانَ يَكْسِبُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحِلُّ وَلَكِنْ لَا يَعْلَمُ الطَّلَبَ بِعَيْنِهِ لِيَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ حَلَّ لَهُ الْإِرْثُ وَالْأَفْضَلُ أَنْ يَتَوَرَّعَ وَيَتَصَدَّقَ بِنِيَّةِ خُصَمَاءِ أَبِيهِ. اهـ وَكَذَا لَا يَحِلُّ إذَا عَلِمَ عَيْنَ الْغَصْبِ مَثَلًا وَإِنْ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ مَالِكَهُ، لِمَا فِي الْبَزَّازِيَّةِ أَخَذَهُ مُوَرِّثُهُ رِشْوَةً أَوْ ظُلْمًا، إنْ عَلِمَ ذَلِكَ بِعَيْنِهِ لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَخْذُهُ، وَإِلَّا فَلَهُ أَخْذُهُ حُكْمًا أَمَّا فِي الدِّيَانَةِ فَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ بِنِيَّةِ إرْضَاءِ الْخُصَمَاءِ اهـ. وَالْحَاصِلُ أَنَّهُ إنْ عَلِمَ أَرْبَابَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَجَبَ رَدُّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَإِلَّا فَإِنْ عَلِمَ عَيْنَ الْحَرَامِ لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ وَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ بِنِيَّةِ صَاحِبِهِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مَالًا مُخْتَلِطًا مُجْتَمِعًا مِنْ الْحَرَامِ وَلَا يَعْلَمُ أَرْبَابَهُ وَلَا شَيْئًا مِنْهُ بِعَيْنِهِ حَلَّ لَهُ حُكْمًا، وَالْأَحْسَنُ دِيَانَةً التَّنَزُّهُ عَنْهُ فَفِي الذَّخِيرَةِ: سُئِلَ الْفَقِيهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَمَّنْ اكْتَسَبَ مَالَهُ مِنْ أُمَرَاءِ السُّلْطَانِ وَمِنْ الْغَرَامَاتِ الْمُحَرَّمَاتِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ هَلْ يَحِلُّ لِمَنْ عَرَفَ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ؟ قَالَ أَحَبُّ إلَيَّ فِي دِينِهِ أَنْ لَا يَأْكُلَ وَيَسَعُهُ حُكْمًا إنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ ذَلِكَ الطَّعَامُ غَصْبًا أَوْ رِشْوَةً وَفِي الْخَانِيَّةِ: امْرَأَةٌ زَوْجُهَا فِي أَرْضِ الْجَوْرِ، وَإِنْ أَكَلَتْ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ عَيْنُ ذَلِكَ الطَّعَامِ غَصْبًا فَهِيَ فِي سَعَةٍ مِنْ أَكْلِهِ وَكَذَا لَوْ اشْتَرَى طَعَامًا أَوْ كِسْوَةً مِنْ مَالٍ أَصْلُهُ لَيْسَ بِطَيِّبٍ فَهِيَ فِي سَعَةٍ مِنْ تَنَاوُلِهِ وَالْإِثْمُ عَلَى الزَّوْجِ. اهـ (قَوْلُهُ وَسَنُحَقِّقُهُ ثَمَّةَ) أَيْ فِي كِتَابِ الْحَظْرِ وَالْإِبَاحَةِ. قَالَ هُنَاكَ بَعْدَ ذِكْرِهِ مَا هُنَا لَكِنْ فِي الْمُجْتَبَى: مَاتَ وَكَسْبُهُ حَرَامٌ فَالْمِيرَاثُ حَلَالٌ، ثُمَّ رَمَزَ وَقَالَ: لَا نَأْخُذُ بِهَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ، وَهُوَ حَرَامٌ مُطْلَقًا عَلَى الْوَرَثَةِ فَتَنَبَّهْ. اهـ. ح، وَمُفَادُهُ الْحُرْمَةُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَرْبَابُهُ وَيَنْبَغِي تَقْيِيدُهُ بِمَا إذَا كَانَ عَيْنَ الْحَرَامِ لِيُوَافِقَ مَا نَقَلْنَاهُ، إذْ لَوْ اخْتَلَطَ بِحَيْثُ لَا يَتَمَيَّزُ يَمْلِكُهُ مِلْكًا خَبِيثًا، لَكِنْ لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ التَّصَرُّفُ فِيهِ مَا لَمْ يُؤَدِّ بَدَلَهُ كَمَا حَقَقْنَاهُ قُبَيْلَ بَابِ زَكَاةِ الْمَالِ فَتَأَمَّلْ.

 

Mufti Mahmood al-Hasan, Fatawa Mahmoodiyyah, Kitabul Faraidh, vol 20, p. 339-340

 

Maulana Khalid Saifullah, Kitabul Fatawa, Meerath, vol 6, p. 344

 

[2] Durrul Mukhtār wa hashiyah Ibn Ābideen Shāmi, Kitābul Zakāt, vol 2 p. 291

كَمَا لَوْ كَانَ الْكُلُّ خَبِيثًا كَمَا فِي النَّهْرِ عَنْ الْحَوَاشِي السَّعْ

(قَوْلُهُ: كَمَا لَوْ كَانَ الْكُلُّ خَبِيثًا) فِي الْقُنْيَةِ لَوْ كَانَ الْخَبِيثُ نِصَابًا لَا يَلْزَمُهُ الزَّكَاةُ؛ لِأَنَّ الْكُلَّ وَاجِبُ التَّصَدُّقِ عَلَيْهِ فَلَا يُفِيدُ إيجَابَ التَّصَدُّقِ بِبَعْضِهِ. اهـ. وَمِثْلُهُ فِي الْبَزَّازِيَّةِ (قَوْلُهُ: كَمَا فِي النَّهْرِ) أَيْ أَوَّلِ كِتَابِ الزَّكَاةِ عِنْدَ قَوْلِ الْكَنْزِ وَمَلَكَ نِصَابَ حَوْلِيٍّ، وَمِثْلُهُ فِي الشُّرُنْبُلَالِيَّةِ، وَذَكَرَهُ فِي شَرْحِ الْوَهْبَانِيَّةِ بَحْثًا؛ وَفِي الْفَصْلِ الْعَاشِرِ مِنْ التَّتَارْخَانِيَّة عَنْ فَتَاوَى الْحُجَّةِ: مَنْ مَلَكَ أَمْوَالًا غَيْرَ طَيِّبَةٍ أَوْ غَصَبَ أَمْوَالًا وَخَلَطَهَا مَلَكَهَا بِالْخَلْطِ وَيَصِيرُ ضَامِنًا، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ سِوَاهَا نِصَابٌ فَلَا زَكَاةَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهَا وَإِنْ بَلَغَتْ نِصَابًا؛ لِأَنَّهُ مَدْيُونٌ وَمَالُ الْمَدْيُونِ لَا يَنْعَقِدُ سَبَبًا لِوُجُوبِ الزَّكَاةِ عِنْدَنَا.

 

 

[3] Quran [Surah Baqarah 2:265]

 

[4] Saheeh Muslim, No. 1015

بَابُ قَبُولِ الصَّدَقَةِ مِنَ الْكَسْبِ الطَّيِّبِ وَتَرْبِيَتِهَا

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ” أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنَّ اللهَ طَيِّبٌ لَا يَقْبَلُ إِلَّا طَيِّبًا، وَإِنَّ اللهَ أَمَرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَا أَمَرَ بِهِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ، فَقَالَ: {يَا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَاعْمَلُوا صَالِحًا، إِنِّي بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ} [المؤمنون: 51] وَقَالَ: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ} [البقرة: 172] ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الرَّجُلَ يُطِيلُ السَّفَرَ أَشْعَثَ أَغْبَرَ، يَمُدُّ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، يَا رَبِّ، يَا رَبِّ، وَمَطْعَمُهُ حَرَامٌ، وَمَشْرَبُهُ حَرَامٌ، وَمَلْبَسُهُ حَرَامٌ، وَغُذِيَ بِالْحَرَامِ، فَأَنَّى يُسْتَجَابُ لِذَلِكَ؟ “

 

Sixty-Four Acres of Land to be distributed between a wife, 4 sons and 8 Daughters

15th October 2020

 

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question:  My father passed away leaving behind  64 acres of agricultural land among us 4 brothers, 8 sisters (his children) and our mother (his wife). kindly inform us of the distribution of share in terms of acres. How much acres the brother gets and sister and mother?

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer:

In reference to your query, after clearing all funeral costs, any debt and any bequeaths of one third of his to non-inheritors (if he made one that is) then the share for each beneficiary is as follows.  Your mother who is his wife will receive one eighth of the inheritance. [1]The rest of the seven eighths will be divided between the children; each son receiving double the share of what a daughter receives.[2] This means that;

  • Your mother (wife of the deceased) will receive 8 acres.
  • Each sister (daughter of the deceased) will receive 3.5 acres.
  • Each brother (son of the deceased) will receive 7 acres.

The number of the stipulated shares should total to 64 acres.

 

[Allāh Knows Best]

 

Written by:  Apa Sajeda          Reviewed by: Mufti Abdul Waheed

Attested by: Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam      

JKN Fatawa Department

 

 

[1] Al Quraan, Surah Nisaa, Aayat 12

وَلَهُنَّ الرُّبُعُ مِمَّا تَرَكْتُمْ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَكُمْ وَلَدٌ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَكُمْ وَلَدٌ فَلَهُنَّ الثُّمُنُ مِمَّا تَرَكْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ تُوصُونَ بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ

Allamah Ibn Abideen, Radul Muhtaar, Kitabul Fara’idh, Vol 6. Pg.769

فَقَالَ (فَيُفْرَضُ لِلزَّوْجَةِ فَصَاعِدًا الثَّمَنُ مَعَ وَلَدٍ أَوْ وَلَدِ ابْنٍ

[2] Al Quraan, Surah Nisaa, Aayat 10

 يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ

Allamah Ibn Abideen, Radul Muhtaar, Kitabul Fara’idh, Vol 6. Pg.775

وَيَصِيرُ عَصَبَةً بِغَيْرِهِ الْبَنَاتُ بِالِابْنِ وَبَنَاتُ الِابْنِ بِابْنِ الِابْنِ) وَإِنْ سَفَلُوا (وَالْأَخَوَاتُ) لِأَبَوَيْنِ أَوْ لِأَبٍ (بِأَخِيهِنَّ) فَهُنَّ أَرْبَعٌ ذَوَاتُ النِّصْفِ وَالثُّلُثَيْنِ يَصِرْنَ عَصَبَةً بِإِخْوَتِهِنَّ،

Father Passed Away Leaving Behind Wife, Four Sons & Four Daughters with Cash

27th June 2019

 

 السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question: Kindly calculate the following amount under the Islamic inheritance law. We have two separate amounts that needs calculating. My father left behind the following assets;

1) Cash amount in UK: £41,432.46

2) Cash amount in Bangladesh: 170,000 Taka. 

Could you please do a separate calculation for each of the above amounts. 

The qualifying recipients are; 

1) wife (ie my mother)

2) 4 sons 

3) 4 daughters 

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to the above scenario, the inheritance amount of the above monetary value will be distributed among the aforementioned recipients as below if the above amount remains the residue after clearing all funeral expenses, clearing all outstanding debt and distributing one-third of will (if he made one that is).

Total asset will be divided by 96 parts from which

Wife: 1/8th of share; 12 parts

4 son & 4 daughters: receive the remainder 84 parts from which each son inherits double the share of the daughter. See Table below

 

 

Legal Beneficiaries Islamic Share Entitlement from 96 parts* Legal share in pounds Legal share in Takka
Wife 1/8th 12 £431.59 x 12 = £5,179.08 1770.83 x 12 =

21,249.96

Son 1 Each son inherits double the share of a daughter 14 £431.59 x 14 = £6,042.26 1770.83 x 14 =24,791.62

 

Son 2 14 £431.59 x 14 = £6,042.26 1770.83 x 14 =24,791.62

 

Son 3 14 £431.59 x 14 = £6,042.26 1770.83 x 14= 24,791.62

 

Son 4 14 £431.59 x 14 = £6,042.26 1770.83 x 14 = 24,791.62

 

Daughter 1   7 £431.59 x 7 = £3,021.13

 

1770.83 x 7 =

12,395.81

Daughter 2   7 £431.59 x 7 = £3,021.13 1770.83 x 7 =

12,395.81

Daughter 3   7 £431.59 x 7 = £3,021.13 1770.83 x 7 =

12,395.81

Daughter 4   7 £431.59 x 7 = £3,021.13 1770.83 x 7 =

12,395.81

 

*NB: the total asset will be divided by 96 parts and thereafter multiplied by the entitlement share. This will give you the total monetary figure of each person’s share.

£41,432.46  / 96 = £431.59

170,000 Taka / 96 = 1,770.83

 

 

[Allãh Knows Best]

 

Written by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

Husband Passed Away Leaving Behind a Wife, One Son, Three Daughters and Two Sisters

31st October 2018

 

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question: Husband passed away leaving behind a wife, 1 son, 3 daughters and 2 sisters. Kindly inform us the Islamic share of the above beneficiaries.

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to the above scenario, the sisters will be deprived from the share of inheritance due to the existence of the son who in conjunction with the daughters inherit the residue amount after the wife’s share.

Total asset will be divided by 40 parts from which

Wife: 1/8th of share; 5 parts

1 son & 3 daughters: receive the remainder 35 parts from which the son inherits double the share of the daughter. See Table below 

 

Legal Beneficiaries Islamic Share Entitlement share from 40 parts*
Wife 1/8th 5
Son Double the share of a daughter from the residue 14
Daughter 1 Single share of the son from the residue 7
Daughter 2 7
Daughter 3 7
  Total 40
*NB: Simply divide the total asset by 40 parts and thereafter multiply by the entitlement share. This will give you the total monetary figure of each person’s share.

 

[Allãh Knows Best]

 

Written by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

Woman Passes Away leaving Behind Husband, Mother and Children

15th March 2018

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question: My khala passed away over a month ago and I wanted to know how her property will be distributed as she left behind: Mother, Husband, 3 daughters, 1 brother & 1 sister.

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your query, the property or its value will be distributed according to the below guidelines after discharging all funeral expenses, clearing all outstanding debts and executing one-third of the deceased’s wealth (only if she made one that is).

The total asset will be divided 39 parts from which

Husband: (1/4th) receives 9 shares

Mother: (1/6th) receives 6 shares

3 daughters: (2/3rd) receive 24 shares. (See table below)

Brothers and sisters will be deprived of their share of inheritance.  

 

Beneficiary Islamic Share Total Share from 39 parts
Husband 1/4th 9
Mother 1/6th 6
Daughter 1 2/3rd 8
Daughter 2 8
Daughter 3 8
  Total 39

[Allãh Knows Best]

Written by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

Father Passed Away Leaving Behind a Wife (who later Passes Away), Seven Daughters and Siblings

22nd February 2018

 

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question: Please can you answer a question on inheritance. Father passed away in 2002 leaving his wife and 7 daughters. He also has 3 brothers and 4 sisters who live separately. He has no parents. The daughters decided to allow their mother to take charge of everything. The mother then passed away in 2015 leaving behind seven daughters. She also has a mother, 2 brothers and 5 sisters who all live separately

 

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your case, the daughters and the siblings in both cases are eligible for their share of inheritance from the deceased’s asset. The deceased’s asset will be distributed in the following manner according to the Shariah code based on the information provided once all funeral expenses, all outstanding debts and one-third of the deceased’s will (only if he or she made one that is) have been discharged.

Scenario 1: Deceased father

Total estate will be divided by 240 parts from which

Wife: 1/8th of share.

7 Daughters: 2/3rd of the share

3 brothers & 4 sisters: receive the remainder of which each brother inherits double the share of a sister. See Table below

 

Legal Beneficiaries Islamic Share Entitlement share from 240 parts*
Wife 1/8th 30
7 Daughters 2/3rd to be shared equally between them 160
Brother 1 Receive the residue from the above two inheritors 10
Brother 2 10
Brother 3 10
Sister 1 5
Sister 2 5
Sister 3 5
Sister 4 5
  Total 240
*NB: Simply divide the total asset by 240 parts and thereafter multiply by their entitlement share. This will give you the total figure of their legal entitlement.

 

Scenario 2: Deceased mother

Total asset will be divided by 108 parts from which

Mother: 1/6th of the share

7 Daughters: 2/3rd of the share

2 brothers & 5 Sisters: Receive the residue amount from which each brother inherits double the share of a sister.

 

Legal Beneficiaries Islamic Share Entitlement share from 108 parts*
Mother 1/6th 18
7 Daughters 2/3rd shared equally between them 72
Brother 1 Receive the residue from the above two inheritors 4
Brother 2 4
Sister 1 2
Sister 2 2
Sister 3 2
Sister 4 2
Sister 5 2
  Total 108
*NB: Simply divide the total asset by 108 parts and thereafter multiply by their entitlement share. This will give you the total figure of their legal entitlement.

 

 

[Allãh Knows Best]

 

 

Written by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

Allocating Inheritance Share for External Family Members

 4TH January 2018

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question: The family that he has left behind are the following, so please remember that he has left a will that all his wealth should be distributed to a non-family member.

 

HALF SISTER 1 (SHARE SAME FATHER, BUT DIFFERENT MOTHER)

Half sisters 3 Sons
Half sisters 2 Grandchildren

HALF SISTER 2 (SHARE SAME FATHER, BUT DIFFERENT MOTHER)

Half sisters 5 Sons and 3 Daughters
Half sisters 10 Grandchildren

HALF BROTHER 1 (Passed Away previously)

(SHARE SAME FATHER, BUT DIFFERENT MOTHER)

Half brothers Wife

HALF BROTHER 2 (Passed away previously)

(SHARE SAME FATHER, BUT DIFFERENT MOTHER)

Half brothers Wife
Half brother 2 Sons and 3 Daughters
Half brothers 16 Grandchildren

 

 

لجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your case scenario, the two half-sisters shall inherit two-thirds of the deceased’s asset after clearing all funeral expenses and debt and one-third of the will. The remainder one-third of the asset will be distributed between half-brother’s 2 sons and 3 daughters; each son inheriting double the share of a daughter.

The Will in which he stipulated that all of his wealth to be distributed among non-family members is invalid. His legal beneficiaries have a legal right over his estate, as outlined above. The Shari’ah only allows one-third as the maximum threshold to be allocated according to the deceased’s wishes. If the legal beneficiaries can willingly relinquish their right of share for others, but cannot be forced to do so.

 

 

[Allãh Knows Best]

 

 

Written by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

Estate Distribution Between a Wife, Four Sons and Four Daughters

2nd November 2017

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question: My father passed away leaving behind his wife (my mother), 4 sons and 4 daughters (siblings). He has left behind £18,170 as his estate. Kindly inform us of the Shari’ee method of estate distribution between his beneficiaries.

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your case scenario, if the above amount remained after fulfilling all funeral expenses, clearing all outstanding debts and executing one-third of your father’s Will (that is only if he made one) then the above estate will be distributed as below.

 

Calculation

Total estate to be divided by 96 parts;

£18,170 / 96 =189.270

Wife: 12 (1/8th)

Remainder 84 parts to be shared out by 12 dividends between his children, each son inheriting double the share of a daughter.

See Table Below:

 

Beneficiaries Share Total Amount in Cash
Wife 1/8th 12 parts of 96 12 x 189.270 = £2,271.25
  Remainder 84 to be divided by 12 parts between children – son inheriting double the share of a daughter.
Son 1 14 14 x 189.270 = £2649.79
Son 2 14 14 x 189.270 = £2649.79
Son 3 14 14 x 189.270 = £2649.79
Son 4 14 14 x 189.270 = £2649.79
Daughter 1 7 7 x 189.270 = £1324.90
Daughter 2 7 7 x 189.270 = £1324.90
Daughter 3 7 7 x 189.270 = £1324.90
Daughter 4 7 7 x 189.270 = £1324.90
Total 84 £18,170:00

 

 

[Allãh Knows Best]

 

 

Written by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

Husband Passed Away Leaving Behind a Wife and Siblings

6th February 2016

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question: Husband passed away leaving behind only a wife and his siblings; brothers and sisters. He has no parents and no children so how will his estate be distributed Islamically?

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your case scenario, after discharging all funeral expenses, clearing all outstanding debts and executing one-third of the will from the deceased’s wealth (that is if he made a will), whatever remains from his estate will be distributed between his beneficiaries starting with his wife, one brother and three sisters. The wife will first receive her share of inheritance which is 1/4 of the estate. The remainder 3/4 will be shared out between his siblings from which the brother will receive double the share of each sister.

 

[Allãh Knows Best]

 

Written by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department

Estate Distribution Between Wife, Three Sons and Five Daughters

15th January 2016

 

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته

Question: Could you please help me on this matter. I’ve received an inheritance of £247,500 that needs to be allocated between these inheritors; Wife, 3 sons and 5 daughters. Kindly explain to us how much does each heir receive from the above amount according to the Islamic legal principles?

 

الجواب حامداً و مصلياً

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

 

Answer

In reference to your query, if the total above-stated amount remains after discharging all funeral expenses, clearing all outstanding debts and executing one-third as a will from the deceased’s wealth (that is if he made a will), then the total estate will be divided by 88 shares, from which 1/8th of dividend is allocated to the wife first. The residue portion thereafter must be distributed between the children; each son receiving double the share of a daughter. The dividend per heir is illustrated in the table below.

 

ALLOCATION OF DIVIDEND PER BENEFICIARY
Eligible Beneficiaries Share Amount
Wife 1/8th (11) £247,500 ÷ 8 = £30,937.50
  Remainder 77 Shares to be distributed between the children £247,500 – £30,937.50 = £216,562.50

£216,562.50 ÷ 77 = 2,812.50

Son 1 14 £39,375.00
Son 2 14 £39,375.00
Son 3 14 £39,375.00
Daughter 1 7 £19,687.50
Daughter 2 7 £19,687.50
Daughter 3 7 £19,687.50
Daughter 4 7 £19,687.50
Daughter 5 7 £19,687.50
Total 77 £247,500

 

[Allãh Knows Best]

 

Written by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed

Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam

JKN Fatawa Department