13th August 2019
السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته
Question: I have seen many Huhjjāj, both men and women, wearing dust masks during Ihrām so to prevent dust entering their mouths. Is this allowed or not? If not, then what would be the penalty?
الجواب حامداً و مصلياً
In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer
In reference to your query, it is generally not permitted for a muhrim – a person in the state of Ihrām – to cover their face. The Messenger of Allāh sallallahu alayhi wasallam prevented a muhrim from covering his face. This also includes a dust mask. One can place their hands over their mouth and nose so to prevent unwanted dust. As the dust mask covers more than ¼ of the face, if it is worn between 3-12 hours then the muhrim must give a dam – a goat or sheep in sacrifice but if worn less than 3 hours then to give sadaqah – charity equivalent to the amount of sadaqatul fitr. [1]
As a side note, if health issues compel the muhrim to wear the dust mask for instance, an asthmatic person would suffer from breathing due to the dust then they have the choice to discharge any one of the three penalties; give a dam, Sadaqah or fast for three days regardless of how long they wear it.
[Allāh Knows Best]
Written by: Maulana Anas Mullah Reviewed by: Mufti Abdul Waheed
Attested by: Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam
JKN Fatawa Department
[1] Shaami, kitab al hajj, fasl fil ihraam, vol 2, p. 488
وَسَتْرَ الْوَجْهِ كُلِّهِ أَوْ بَعْضِهِ كَفَمِهِ وَذَقَنِهِ، نَعَمْ فِي الْخَانِيَّةِ لَا بَأْسَ بِوَضْعِ يَدِهِ عَلَى أَنْفِهِ
(قَوْلُهُ كُلِّهِ أَوْ بَعْضِهِ) لَكِنْ فِي تَغْطِيَةِ كُلِّ الْوَجْهِ أَوْ الرَّأْسِ يَوْمًا أَوْ لَيْلَةً دَمٌ وَالرُّبُعُ مِنْهُمَا كَالْكُلِّ وَفِي الْأَقَلِّ مِنْ يَوْمٍ أَوْ مِنْ الرُّبُعِ صَدَقَةٌ كَمَا فِي اللُّبَابِ وَأَطْلَقَهُ فَشَمِلَ الْمَرْأَةَ لِمَا فِي الْبَحْرِ عَنْ غَايَةِ الْبَيَانِ مِنْ أَنَّهَا لَا تُغَطِّي وَجْهَهَا إجْمَاعًا اه……….. (قَوْلُهُ نَعَمْ فِي الْخَانِيَّةِ إلَخْ) اسْتِدْرَاكٌ عَلَى قَوْلِهِ أَوْ بَعْضِهِ لِأَنَّهُ يُوهِمُ أَنَّ هَذَا مَحْظُورٌ مَعَ أَنَّهُ عَدَّهُ فِي اللُّبَابِ مِنْ مُبَاحَاتِ الْإِحْرَامِ، وَأَمَّا كَلِمَةُ لَا بَأْسَ فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَدُلُّ عَلَى الْكَرَاهَةِ دَائِمًا وَمِنْهُ قَوْلُهُ الْآتِي قَرِيبًا كُرِهَ وَإِلَّا فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ
Al Bahr al raa’iq, ktabul hajj, fasl fil ihraam, vol 2, p 349
قَوْلُهُ (وَسَتْرُ الْوَجْهِ وَالرَّأْسِ) أَيْ وَاجْتَنِبْ تَغْطِيَتَهُمَا لِحَدِيثِ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ الَّذِي وَقَصَتْهُ نَاقَتُهُ «لَا تُخَمِّرُوا رَأْسَهُ وَلَا وَجْهَهُ فَإِنَّهُ يُبْعَثُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مُلَبِّيًا» وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ أَئِمَّتَنَا اسْتَدَلُّوا بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَلَى حُرْمَةِ تَغْطِيَةِ الْوَجْهِ عَلَى الْمُحْرِمِ الْحَيِّ الْمَفْهُومِ مِنْ التَّعْلِيلِ وَلَمْ يَعْمَلُوا بِمَنْطُوقِهِ فِي حَقِّ الْمَيِّتِ الْمُحْرِمِ فَإِنَّ حُكْمَهُ عِنْدَنَا كَسَائِرِ الْأَمْوَاتِ فِي تَغْطِيَةِ الْوَجْهِ وَالرَّأْسِ
Fatawa Hindiyya, kitabul manasik, babul ihraam, fasl fima yafaluhu ba’d al ihraam, vol 1, p 224
وَلَا يُغَطِّي فَاهُ وَلَا ذَقَنَهُ وَلَا عَارِضَهُ، وَلَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى أَنْفِهِ كَذَا فِي الْبَحْرِ الرَّائِقِ