25th April 2016
السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته
Question. Is it permissible for a woman who during Ramadhān who becomes clean from her menses just before mid-day time and there and then makes the intention of fasting and if so, is her fast valid?
الجواب حامداً و مصلياً
In the Name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Answer
The underlying principle to remember is that purity from menstruation (as well as post-natal bleeding) throughout the fasting period; from Subhu Sādiq until sunset, is mandatory. Any portion of the time spent during this period even momentarily in menstrual state renders the fast invalid. The entire fasting period is not devisable according to the Hanafies but rather one single time period. Anything affecting the former period e.g. Subhu Sādiq time equally affects the latter period also. So for her to make the intention of fast even before mid-day will not suffice and must make Qadha of that day.[1] She is still required to do Imsāk – which means to assimilate a fasting person by refraining from eating and drinking throughout the remaining day even though she has to make up for it later.[2]
[Allãh Knows Best]
Written by (Mufti) Abdul Waheed
Answer Attested by Shaykh Mufti Saiful Islam
JKN Fatawa Department
[1] Durrul Mukhtar wa Shāmi Kitāb Sawm Bāb Ma yufsidu Sawm wa ma la Yufsidu p. 385 vol 3
وَلَوْ نَوَى الْحَائِضُ وَالنُّفَسَاءُ لَمْ يَصِحَّ أَصْلًا لِلْمُنَافِي أَوَّلَ الْوَقْتِ وَهُوَ لَا يَتَجَزَّأُ
(قَوْلُهُ: وَلَوْ نَوَى الْحَائِضُ وَالنُّفَسَاءُ) أَيْ قَبْلَ نِصْفِ النَّهَارِ إذَا طَهُرَتَا فِيهِ (قَوْلُهُ: لَمْ يَصِحَّ أَصْلًا) أَيْ لَا فَرْضًا وَلَا نَفْلًا شُرُنْبُلَالِيَّةٌ (قَوْلُهُ: لِلْمُنَافِي إلَخْ) أَيْ فَإِنَّ كُلًّا مِنْ الْحَيْضِ وَالنِّفَاسِ مَنَافٍ لِصِحَّةِ الصَّوْمِ مُطْلَقًا؛ لِأَنَّ فَقْدَهُمَا شَرْطٌ لِصِحَّتِهِ وَالصَّوْمُ عِبَادَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ لَا يَتَجَزَّأُ، فَإِذَا وُجِدَ الْمُنَافِي فِي أَوَّلِهِ تَحَقَّقَ حُكْمُهُ فِي بَاقِيهِ
[2] Shāmi Kitāb Sawm Bāb Ma yufsidu Sawm wa ma la Yufsidu p. 384 vol 3
وَالْأَصْلُ فِي هَذِهِ الْمَسَائِلِ أَنَّ كُلَّ مَنْ صَارَ فِي آخِرِ النَّهَارِ بِصِفَةٍ لَوْ كَانَ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ عَلَيْهَا لَلَزِمَهُ الصَّوْمُ فَعَلَيْهِ الْإِمْسَاكُ كَمَا فِي الْخُلَاصَةِ وَالنِّهَايَةِ وَالْعِنَايَةِ لَكِنَّهُ غَيْرُ جَامِعٍ إذْ لَا يَدْخُلُ فِيهِ مَنْ أَكَلَ فِي رَمَضَانَ عَمْدًا